Conclusions

Summary

Innovation began to emerge as its own field of study in the 1960s, but it did not garner attention from scholars across a wide range of disciplines until the later years of the twentieth century. Recently, experts in fields ranging from economics to social sciences to business studies have explored innovation’s role as a driver of growth and social change, and innovation is now widely considered central to economic growth and development. Outside of academia, policymakers, business leaders, and even the public at large have increasingly embraced innovation. Innovation policies figure high in the policy agendas of many countries, and “innovative nations” and “knowledge-based economies” are becoming keywords in today’s economic policy manifestos.