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  • Cited by 5
Publisher:
Cambridge University Press
Online publication date:
May 2010
Print publication year:
2009
Online ISBN:
9780511691836

Book description

Intracerebral hemorrhage is a neurovascular emergency associated with high mortality and morbidity. With in-depth reviews of the clinical and biological aspects of the condition, this text provides an up-to-date coverage of this form of stroke. The book covers epidemiology, causes, clinical presentation, management and prognosis, and describes the ongoing research advances aimed at improving our understanding of the condition. The book fills an existing gap in the medical literature. The chapters discussing the clinical aspects of intracerebral hemorrhage are aimed at the practitioner directing the care of stroke victims. Chapters exploring the biology of pathophysiological events triggered by this disease will provide readers with current data directed to facilitate experimental research in this field of cerebrovascular neurology. It will appeal to clinicians and those with a research interest in cerebrovascular diseases.

Reviews

'The three editors, J. Ricardo Carhuapoma, Stephan A. Mayer and Daniel F. Hanley, have clearly succeeded in compiling a standard textbook of high quality (both in writing, tables, images and pictures). It contains all recent publications in the field of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage … This is definitely a [highly] recommendable book - it should be on the bookshelf of any neurointensivist dealing with such patients.'

E. Schmutzhard - Neurological Intensive Care Unit, Medical University of Innsbruck

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Contents


Page 2 of 2


  • Chapter 17 - Animal models and experimental treatments of intracerebral hemorrhage
    pp 193-205
  • View abstract

    Summary

    Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) presents clinically in a variety of ways, depending primarily on the location and size of the hematoma. Several studies have correlated the anatomical location of putaminal hemorrhages with their clinical presentation. Caudate hemorrhage presents with sudden onset of headache, vomiting, and altered level of consciousness, resembling subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) from ruptured cerebral aneurysm. Behavioral and neuropsychological abnormalities can be a prominent part of the clinical picture of caudate hemorrhage. Lobar ICHs occur in any of the cerebral lobes, generally favoring the parietal and occipital areas although some series have reported a predominance of frontal or temporal locations. Primary hemorrhage into the medulla oblongata is the least common of all brain hemorrhages. The most consistent clinical profile in medullary hemorrhage has been with sudden onset of headache, vertigo, dysphagia, dysphonia or dysarthria, and limb incoordination.
  • Chapter 19 - Cytoprotection strategies for experimental intracerebral hemorrhage
    pp 217-228
  • View abstract

    Summary

    Computerized tomography scans are rapid, readily available, and relatively inexpensive. Volume of hemorrhage on computerized tomography (CT) is an important predictor of mortality and functional ability after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Computerized tomography angiography (CTA) offers many clinical advantages over cerebral digital subtraction angiography (DSA) for the evaluation of intracranial vascular abnormalities in cases of ICH. CTA must be shown to have similar sensitivity and specificity as DSA in the detection of secondary causes of ICH. The use of non-contrast CT in the initial evaluation of patients presenting with suspected ICH is well established and universally accepted. Recently, advances in CTA have enabled this modality to gain wide acceptance in evaluating possible secondary causes of ICH, such as aneurysm or vascular malformation. As scanner technology and software rendering capabilities continue to improve, CTA appears poised to replace DSA and become the new gold standard for such evaluations.
  • Chapter 21 - Hemostatic therapy for intracerebral hemorrhage
    pp 238-253
  • View abstract

    Summary

    This chapter reviews the evidence that blood is readily identifiable on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It describes how the use of multiple sequences provides additional information regarding the age of blood products. MRI signal changes on gradient recalled echo (GRE), T1- and T2-weighted images can be used to estimate the age of intracranial blood. MRI is the initial diagnostic procedure of choice for investigation of underlying structural causes of secondary intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), including vascular malformations and neoplasms. It is generally recognized that MRI is superior to computed tomography (CT) in the evaluation of subarachnoid space diseases of an inflammatory or neoplastic origin. The existence and nature of the penumbra in ICH is arguably the most pressing outstanding information required by clinicians to make rational management decisions in ICH patients. MRI is a valuable tool for investigating the pathophysiology of acute and chronic ICH.

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