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Chapter 8 - MRI for targeting in surgical treatment of movement disorders

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 October 2013

By
Aviva Abosch  and
Noam Harel
Edited by
Paul Tuite  and
Alain Dagher
Paul Tuite
Affiliation:
University of Minnesota
Alain Dagher
Affiliation:
Montreal Neurological Institute
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Summary

Three specific deep brain stimulation (DBS) targets are currently in widespread use for the treatment of specific movement disorders. These are ventral intermediate nucleus (VIM) for the treatment of tremor (Parkinsonian or essential), subthalamic nucleus (STN) for Parkinson's disease (PD), and globus pallidus internus (GPi) for PD and for dystonia. All DBS surgeries currently require some form of stereotaxy, which is a means of translating information from two-dimensional (2D) brain images to the three-dimensional (3D) operative field. Two types of stereotactic approaches are available for DBS surgery. The success of DBS surgery is critically dependent on accurate localization of the target structure of interest. Two different approaches to initial target localization exist, and frequently are combined in the operating room: indirect and direct targeting. Ultra-high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems are proving invaluable for basic science research and neuroscience applications.

Keywords

Parkinson's diseasemagnetic resonance imaging methodsmagnetization transfer imagingrelaxation along a fictitious fieldsusceptibility-weighted imagingvoxel-based morphometryadiabatic rotating frame relaxationmethodsin vivo magnetic resonancespectroscopyiron imagingdiffusion tensor imaging
Type
Chapter
Information
Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Movement Disorders
A Guide for Clinicians and Scientists
 , pp. 94 - 105
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2013

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