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Chapter 6 - Trust and Emotion

The Effects of Incidental and Integral Affect

from Part II - Neuropsychological Level of Trust

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 December 2021

By
Federica Farolfi ,
Li-Ang Chang  and
Jan B. Engelmann
Edited by
Frank Krueger
Frank Krueger
Affiliation:
George Mason University, Virginia
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Summary

We review research investigating the influences of affective states on trust. To delineate the behavioral and neural effects of emotions on trust decisions, we consider research from Economics, Psychology and Neuroeconomics. We focus on behavioral and neural research that examined the impact of moods and emotions experienced at the moment of choice, and critically examine evidence concerning both positive and negative incidental and integral emotions. Overall, a pattern emerges from previous findings that strongly suggests that both incidental and integral emotions can influence decisions to trust. Specifically, positive incidental emotions, such as happiness, can enhance trust while negative incidental emotions, such as anxiety, reduce trust. At the same time, neuroimaging findings suggest that this behavioral effect is paralleled by emotions having specific effects on decision-relevant neural circuitry. Emotions alter activity during trust decisions in the temporoparietal junction and medial prefrontal cortex, which have been implicated in theory of mind, as well as the anterior insula, which is commonly implicated in anticipatory negative affect. We conclude by pointing at important avenues of research regarding the role of emotions in learning to trust from past experiences, as well as the chronic distortions of affect and social behavior commonly observed in psychopathology.

Keywords

trustaffectemotionincidental emotionsintegral emotionsbetrayal aversionanxietyhappinesstemporoparietal junctionanterior insula
Type
Chapter
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The Neurobiology of Trust , pp. 124 - 154
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

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