Byzantium: The Roman Orthodox World, 1393–1492

doi:10.1017/CHOL9780521382960.038

30 - Byzantium: The Roman Orthodox World, 1393–1492

from PART IV - THE DEVELOPMENT OF EUROPEAN STATES

Published online by Cambridge University Press: 28 March 2008

Anthony Bryer

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Christopher Allmand

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Christopher Allmand: Affiliation:
University of Liverpool

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Summary

chronology and definition

byzantines were perhaps more concerned than most medieval people with the insecure business of measuring time and defining authority. There was not much they could do about either, but naming is a taming of the forces of nature and anarchy, and placed the humblest in relation to the stability of God. Byzantines called this order ‘taxis’. They craved taxis all the more in the fifteenth-century Anno Domini, because for Orthodox Christians, who counted by the Anno Mundi, it was, quite simply, the end of the secular world. For subjects of either, or both, emperor and patriarch in Constantinople the New Rome, the world was created on 1 September 5508 bc. Gennadios II Scholarios, Sultan Mehemmed II’s first patriarch after the fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Turks on 29 May 1453, put matters in cosmic proportion by foretelling doomsday on 1 September 1492, the end of the seventh millennium am. In 1393, the first year of the last century of the world, Patriarch Antonios IV (1389– 97) had put matters in taxis. Grand Prince Vasilii I of Moscow (1389– 1425) had complained that while there was a Church, there did not seem to be a credible emperor in Constantinople, to which the patriarch replied that ‘it is not possible to have a Church without an emperor.

Keywords

Orthodox Christians Morea Mehemmed II Byzantium Trebizond Roman Orthodox world Salonica

Type: Chapter
Information: The New Cambridge Medieval History , pp. 771 - 795

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521382960.038 [Opens in a new window]

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Print publication year: 1998

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30 - Byzantium: The Roman Orthodox World, 1393–1492

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