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16 - Christianity amongst the Britons, Dalriadan Irish and Picts

from PART II - THE SEVENTH CENTURY

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 March 2008

By
Clare Stancliffe
Edited by
Paul Fouracre
Paul Fouracre
Affiliation:
University of Manchester
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Summary

BRITAIN SOUTH OF THE CLYDE/FORTH AND BRITONS ABROAD

The centuries following the end of Roman rule in Britain were critical for the development of the British church, just as they obviously were for the determination of the political, ethnic and social structure of Britain as a whole. However tricky it may be to piece together the picture from the inadequate and very disparate sources that are available, we must keep in view the major achievements of these centuries. They saw not merely the consolidation of Christianity in those areas that remained free from the control of the incoming pagan Anglo-Saxons, but its spread to areas further north and west. Moreover, this was achieved despite the demise of the Romano-British cities and villas, and the Anglo-Saxon settlement of a great swathe of eastern and southern Britain: precisely those places and areas where the Romano-British church had been most in evidence. Since interpretations of the post-Roman period often depend on those of Christianity’s fortunes in Roman Britain, we shall begin with a brief look at the latter.

the roman prelude

By the time of Constantine I’s conversion to Christianity in the early fourth century there were bishops at London, York and (probably) Lincoln. The extent of Christianity’s progress by 410 is controversial: we lack written evidence, and the archaeological evidence is open to different interpretations. We cannot reliably distinguish Christian burials from pagan ones unless there is supportive evidence of explicit Christian symbols or inscriptions, as at Poundbury in Dorset. Christians were generally buried in graves oriented west/east, with no grave goods, but so might pagans be; and occasionally there is evidence of a Christian burial with grave-goods, or oriented differently.

Keywords

Ionan Irish missionariesPatrick's writingsGildasearly medieval BritainDalriadan IrishPictish churchsub-Roman BritainRoman Christianity
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The New Cambridge Medieval History , pp. 426 - 461
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2005

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