Book contents
- The Philosophy of Envy
- The Philosophy of Envy
- Copyright page
- Dedication
- Contents
- Figures
- Tables
- Preface and Acknowledgments
- Introduction
- Chapter 1 What Is Envy?
- Chapter 2 Varieties of Envy
- Chapter 3 The Value of Envy
- Chapter 4 Love and Envy, Two Sides of the Same Coin
- Chapter 5 Political Envy
- Conclusion
- Appendix In the Beginning Was Phthonos: A Short History of Envy
- References
- Index
- References
References
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 01 July 2021
Book contents
- The Philosophy of Envy
- The Philosophy of Envy
- Copyright page
- Dedication
- Contents
- Figures
- Tables
- Preface and Acknowledgments
- Introduction
- Chapter 1 What Is Envy?
- Chapter 2 Varieties of Envy
- Chapter 3 The Value of Envy
- Chapter 4 Love and Envy, Two Sides of the Same Coin
- Chapter 5 Political Envy
- Conclusion
- Appendix In the Beginning Was Phthonos: A Short History of Envy
- References
- Index
- References
Summary
A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- The Philosophy of Envy , pp. 215 - 233Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2021
References
Al-Ghazálí, . 1994. The Faith and Practice of Al-Ghazali, trans. Montgomery Watt, W.. London: Oneworld.Google Scholar
Al-Ghazálí, . 2007. Alchemy of Happiness, Vol. 2, trans. Crook, Jay R.. Chicago: Kazi Publications, Inc .Google Scholar
Al-Qushayrī, , 1990. Principles of Sufism, trans. von Schlegell, B. R.. South Jakarta: Mizan Press.Google Scholar
Anastasopoulos, Dimitris. 2007. “The narcissism of depression or the depression of narcissism and adolescence.” Journal of Child Psychotherapy 33 (3): 345–62.Google Scholar
Appel, Helmut, Crusius, Jan, and Gerlach, Alexander L.. 2015. “Social comparison, envy, and depression on Facebook: A study looking at the effects of high comparison standards on depressed individuals.” Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 34 (4): 277–89.Google Scholar
Appel, Helmut, Alexander, L. Gerlach, and Crusius, Jan. 2016. “The interplay between Facebook use, social comparison, envy, and depression.” Current Opinion in Psychology 9: 44–9.Google Scholar
Aquaro, George R. A. 2004. Death by Envy: The Evil Eye and Envy in the Christian Tradition. Lincoln, NB: Universe.Google Scholar
Archer, Alfred, and Grahle, André, eds. 2019. The Moral Psychology of Admiration. London: Rowman & Littlefield International.Google Scholar
Aristotle, . (c.340 BCE) 1920. Ethica Nicomachea, ed. Bywater, I.. Oxford: Clarendon Press. .Google Scholar
Aristotle, . (4th c. BCE) 1963. Ars Rhetorica, ed. Ross, W. D.. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Aristotle, . (c.340 BCE) 1994. Nicomachean Ethics, trans. Ross, W. D., available online at http://classics.mit.edu/Aristotle/nicomachaen.html.Google Scholar
Aristotle, . (4th c. BCE) 1998. Politics, trans. Reeves, C. D. C.. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Co.Google Scholar
Aristotle, . (4th c. BCE) 2004. Rhetoric, trans. Rhys Roberts, W.. New York: Dover Thrift Editions.Google Scholar
Augustine of Hippo. (5th c. CE) 1952. The City of God, Books VIII–XVI, trans. Walsh, Gerald G., and Monahan, Grace. Washington, DC: The Catholic University of America Press.Google Scholar
Augustine of Hippo. (c.400 CE) De Catechizandis Rudibus (in Latin), available online at www.thelatinlibrary.com/augustine/catechizandis.shtml.Google Scholar
Augustine of Hippo. (c.400 CE) On the Catechising of the Uninstructed, available online at www.newadvent.org/fathers/1303.htm.Google Scholar
Austin, Emily A. 2012. “Fools and malicious pleasure in Plato’s ‘Philebus’.” History of Philosophy Quarterly 29 (2): 125–39.Google Scholar
Bacon, Francis. (1625) 1999. The Essays, or Counsels Civil and Moral, ed. Vickers, Brian. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Bahns, Angela J., Pickett, Kate M., and Crandall, Christian S.. 2012. “Social ecology of similarity: Big schools, small schools and social relationships.” Group Processes and Intergroup Relations 15: 119–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bankovsky, Miriam. 2018. “Excusing economic envy: On injustice and impotence.” Journal of Applied Philosophy 35 (2): 257–79.Google Scholar
Barash, Susan S. 2006. Tripping the Prom Queen: The Truth about Women and Rivalry. New York: St. Martin’s Press.Google Scholar
Barnes, Elizabeth. 2016. The Minority Body. New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barnidge, Matthew. 2018. “Social affect and political disagreement on social media.” Social Media + Society 4 (3). https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305118797721.Google Scholar
Barrett, Lisa Feldman. 2006. “Are emotions natural kinds?” Perspectives on Psychological Science 1 (1): 28–58.Google Scholar
Barrett, Lisa Feldman. 2017. How Emotions Are Made: The Secret Life of the Brain. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.Google Scholar
Basil of Caesarea. (c. 364 CE) 1950. Ascetical Works, trans. Wagner, Monica M.. Washington, DC: The Catholic University of America Press, 463–74.Google Scholar
Belk, Russell W. 2008. “Marketing and envy.” In Envy: Theory and Research, edited by Smith, Richard H., 211–26. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Bell, Macalester. 2005. “A woman’s scorn: Toward a feminist defense of contempt as a moral emotion.” Hypatia 20 (4): 80–93.Google Scholar
Ben-Ze’ev, Aaron. 1990. “Envy and jealousy.” Canadian Journal of Philosophy 20 (4): 487–516.Google Scholar
Ben-Ze’ev, Aaron. 1992. “Envy and inequality.” The Journal of Philosophy 89 (11): 551–81.Google Scholar
Ben-Ze’ev, Aaron. 2002. “Are envy, anger, and resentment moral emotions?” Philosophical Explorations 5 (2): 148–54.Google Scholar
Berke, Joseph. 2012. Why I Hate You and You Hate Me: The Interplay of Envy, Greed, Jealousy and Narcissism in Everyday Life. London: Karnac Books.Google Scholar
Bers, Susan A., and Rodin, Judith. 1984. “Social-comparison jealousy: A developmental and motivational study.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 47 (4): 766–79.Google Scholar
Bloomfield, Morton. 1967. The Seven Deadly Sins. East Lansing: Michigan State University Press.Google Scholar
Box, Ian. 2006. “Bacon’s moral philosophy.” In The Cambridge Companion to Bacon, edited by Peltonen, Markku, 260–82. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Boyce, Christopher J., Brown, Gordon D. A., and Moore, Simon C.. 2010. “Money and happiness: Rank of income, not income, affects life satisfaction.” Psychological Science 21 (4): 471–5.Google Scholar
Brighouse, Harry, and Swift, Adam. 2006. “Equality, priority, and positional goods.” Ethics 116 (3): 471–97.Google Scholar
Burgin, Victor. 1994. “Paranoiac space.” In Visualizing Theory: Selected Essays from V.A.R., 1990–1994, edited by Castaing-Taylor, Lucien, 230–51. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Bushman, Briahna Bigelow, and Holt-Lunstad, Julianne. 2009. “Understanding social relationship maintenance among friends: Why we don’t end those frustrating friendships.” Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 28 (6): 749–78.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Butler, Joseph. (1729) 2017. Fifteen Sermons Preached at the Rolls Chapel and Other Writings on Ethics, ed. McNaughton, David. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Buunk, Abraham P., and Gibbons, Frederick X.. 2006. “Social comparison orientation: A new perspective on those who do and those who don’t compare with others.” In Social Comparison and Social Psychology: Understanding Cognition, Intergroup Relations, and Culture, edited by Guimond, Serge, 15–33. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Cain, R. Bensen. 2017 “Malice and the ridiculous as self-ignorance: A dialectical argument in Philebus 47d–50e.” Southwest Philosophy Review 33 (1): 83–94.Google Scholar
Cairns, D. L. 2003. “The politics of envy: Envy and equality in ancient Greece.” In Envy, Spite, and Jealousy: The Rivalrous Emotions in Ancient Greece, edited by Konstan, David and Ruttner, Keith N., 235–52. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.Google Scholar
Carbado, Devon W., Crenshaw, Kimberlé Williams, Mays, Vickie M., and Tomlinson, Barbara. 2013. “INTERSECTIONALITY: Mapping the Movements of a Theory.” Du Bois Review 10 (2): 303–12.Google Scholar
Catherine of Siena. 1994. The Dialogue of Divine Providence. www.catholicplanet.com/ebooks/Dialogue-of-St-Catherine.pdf.Google Scholar
Chan, Alan. 2012. “Laozi.” The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2012 Edition), edited by Edward N. Zalta. http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2012/entries/laozi/.Google Scholar
Chaucer, Geoffrey. (1387–1400) 2011, The Canterbury Tales, trans. Cannon, Cristopher and Wright, David, ed. Cannon, Cristopher. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Cherry, Myisha. 2017. “The errors and limitations of our “anger-evaluating” ways.” In The Moral Psychology of Anger, edited by Cherry, Myisha and Flanagan, Owen, 49–66. London: Rowman & Littlefield.Google Scholar
Cialdini, Robert B., Borden, Richard J., Thorne, Avril, Walker, Marcus Randall, Freeman, Stephen, and Sloan, Lloyd Reynolds. 1976. “Basking in reflected glory: Three (football) field studies.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 34 (3): 366–75.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cikara, Mina and Fiske, Susan T.. 2012. “Stereotypes and Schadenfreude: Affective and physiological markers of pleasure at outgroup misfortunes.” Social Psychological and Personality Science 3 (1): 63–71.Google Scholar
Clanton, Gordon. 2006. “Jealousy and envy.” In Handbook of the Sociology of Emotions, edited by Stets, Jan and Turner, Jonathan H., 410–42. Boston, MA: Springer.Google Scholar
Cohen, Betsy. 1986. The Snow White Syndrome: All about Envy. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.Google Scholar
Cohen-Charash, Yochi, and Larson, Elliott C.. 2017. “An emotion divided: Studying envy is better than studying “benign” and “malicious” envy.” Current Directions in Psychological Science 26 (2): 174–83.Google Scholar
Cooper, David E. 1982. “Equality and envy.” Journal of Philosophy of Education 16 (1): 35–47.Google Scholar
Cooper, John. 1997. “Introduction.” In Plato: Complete Works, edited by Cooper, John and Douglas, S. Hutchinson, , vii–xxvi. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing.Google Scholar
Corcoran, Katja, Crusius, Jan, and Mussweiler, Thomas. 2011. “Social comparison: Motives, standards, and mechanisms.” In Theories in Social Psychology, edited by Chadee, D., 119–39. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.Google Scholar
Crenshaw, Kimberlé. 1989. “Demarginalizing the intersection of race and sex: A black feminist critique of antidiscrimination doctrine, feminist theory and antiracist politics.” University of Chicago Legal Forum: Vol. 1989, Article 8. https://chicagounbound.uchicago.edu/uclf/vol1989/iss1/8.Google Scholar
Crusius, Jan, and Mussweiler, Thomas. 2012. “When people want what others have: The impulsive side of envious desire.” Emotion 12 (1): 142–53.Google Scholar
Crusius, Jan, and Lange, Jens. 2014. “What catches the envious eye? Attentional biases within malicious and benign envy.” Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 55: 1–11.Google Scholar
Crusius, Jan, and Lange, Jens. 2017. “How do people respond to threatened social status? Moderators of benign versus malicious envy.” In Envy at Work and in Organizations, edited by Smith, Richard H., Merlone, Ugo, and Duffy, Michelle K., 85–110. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Crusius, Jan, and Lange, Jens. MS. “Counterfactual thoughts distinguish benign and malicious envy.” https://psyarxiv.com/kbqfv/.Google Scholar
Crusius, Jan, Gonzalez, Manuel F., Lange, Jens, and Cohen-Charash, Yochi. 2020 “Envy: An adversarial review and comparison of two competing views.” Emotion Review 12 (1): 3–21.Google Scholar
Cuddy, Amy J., Fiske, Susan T., and Glick, Peter, 2008. “Warmth and competence as universal dimensions of social perception: The stereotype content model and the BIAS map.” Advances in experimental social psychology 40: 61–149.Google Scholar
D’Arms, Justin, and Jacobson, Daniel. 2000. “The moralistic fallacy: On the “appropriateness” of emotions.” Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 61 (1): 65–90.Google Scholar
D’Arms, Justin, and Jacobson, Daniel. 2005. “Anthropocentric constraints on human value.” Oxford Studies in Methaethics 1: 99–126.Google Scholar
D’Arms, Justin. 2009. “Envy.” The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, archived version. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2009/entries/envy/.Google Scholar
D’Arms, J. 2017. “Envy.” The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2017 Edition), edited by Edward N. Zalta. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2017/entries/envy/.Google Scholar
D’Arms, Justin and Kerr, Alison Duncan. 2008. “Envy in the philosophical tradition.” In Envy: Theory and Research, edited by Smith, Richard H., 39–59. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Darwall, Stephen. 2006. The Second-Person Standpoint: Morality, Respect, Accountability. Harvard, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
De la Rochefoucauld, François. (1665) 2008. Collected Maxims and Other Reflections. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
De Mandeville, Bernard. (1714) 1924. The Fable of the Bees: Or, Private Vices, Publick Benefits, ed. Kaye, Frederick B.. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
De Pisan, Cristine. (1405) 1985. The Book of the Three Virtues, trans. Lawson, Sarah. London: Penguin.Google Scholar
De Puixieux, Madeleine d’Arsant. 1750–1. Les caractères, available online (in French). https://archive.org/details/lescaractres01madgoog.Google Scholar
Delcomminette, Sylvain. 2006. Le Philèbe de Platon: Introduction à l’agathologie platonicienne. Leiden: Brill.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Descartes, René. 1985. The Philosophical Writings of Descartes, Vol. 1, trans. Cottingham, John, Stoothoff, Robert, and Murdoch, Dugald. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Deslauriers, Marguerite. 2017. “Marinella and her interlocutors: Hot blood, hot words, hot deeds.” Philosophical Studies 174 (10): 2525–37.Google Scholar
Doosje, Bertjan E. J., Branscombe, Nyla R., Spears, Russell, and Manstead, Antony S.. 1998. “Guilty by association: When one’s group has a negative history.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 75: 872–86.Google Scholar
Doppelt, Gerald. 2009. “The place of self‐respect in a theory of justice.” Inquiry 52 (2): 127–54.Google Scholar
Dryer, D. Cristopher, and Horowitz, Leonard M.. 1997. “When do opposites attract? Interpersonal complementarity versus similarity.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 72 (3): 592–603.Google Scholar
Dunn, Judy, and Kendrick, Carol. 1982. Siblings: Love, Envy and Understanding. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Ellman, Carolyn S. 2000. “The empty mother: Women’s fear of their destructive envy.” Psychoanalytic Quarterly 69: 633–57.Google Scholar
Elster, Jon. 1983. Sour Grapes: Studies in the Subversion of Rationality. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Emerick, Barrett. 2017. “Forgiveness and reconciliation.” In The Moral Psychology of Forgiveness, edited by Norlock, Kathryn J., 117–34. London: Rowman & Littlefield.Google Scholar
Exline, Julie E. and Zell, Anne L.. 2008. “Antidotes to envy: A conceptual framework.” In Envy. Theory and Research, edited by Smith, Richard H., 315–31. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Eyal, Nir. 2005. “‘Perhaps the most important primary good’: Self-respect and Rawls’s principles of justice.” Politics, Philosophy & Economics 4 (2): 195–219.Google Scholar
Fairlie, Henry. 1988. The Seven Deadly Sins Today. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press.Google Scholar
Falcon, Rachael G. 2015. “Is envy categorical or dimensional? An empirical investigation using taxometric analysis.” Emotion 15 (6): 694–8.Google Scholar
Farrell, Henry. 2012. “The consequences of the internet for politics.” Annual Review of Political Science 15: 35–52.Google Scholar
Feather, Norman T. and Sherman, Rebecca. 2002. “Envy, resentment, Schadenfreude, and sympathy: Reactions to deserved and undeserved achievement and subsequent failure.” Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 28 (7): 953–61.Google Scholar
Fiske, Susan T. 2011. Envy Up, Scorn Down: How Status Divides Us. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.Google Scholar
Fiske, Susan T., Cuddy, Amy J., and Glick, Peter. 2007. “Universal dimensions of social cognition: Warmth and competence.” Trends in Cognitive Sciences 11 (2): 77–83.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Foster, George M. 1972. “The anatomy of envy: A study in symbolic behavior.” Current Anthropology 13: 165–202.Google Scholar
Frank, Robert H. 1999. Luxury Fever: Why Money Fails to Satisfy in an Era of Excess. New York: Free Press.Google Scholar
Frede, Dorothea. 1992. “Disintegration and restoration: Pleasure and pain in Plato’s Philebus.” In The Cambridge Companion to Plato, edited by Kraut, R., 425–63. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Frede, Dorothea. 1996. “Mixed feelings in Aristotle’s Rhetoric.” In Essays on Aristotle’s Rhetoric, edited by Rorty, Amélie Oksenberg, 258–85. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Frey, Bruno S., and Stutzer, Alois. 2002. Happiness and Economics: How the Economy and Institutions Affect Human Well-Being. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Frye, Harrison P. 2016. “The relation of envy to distributive justice.” Social Theory and Practice 42 (3): 501–24.Google Scholar
Frye, Marylin. 1983. “A note on anger.” In The Politics of Reality: Essays in Feminist Theory, Frye, Marylin, 84–94. New York: Crossing Press.Google Scholar
Fussi, Alessandra. 2017. “Schadenfreude, envy and jealousy in Plato’s Philebus and Phaedrus.” Philosophical Inquiry 5 (1): 73–90.Google Scholar
Galinsky, Adam D., Hall, Erika V., and Cuddy, Amy J.. 2013. “Gendered races: Implications for interracial marriage, leadership selection, and athletic participation.” Psychological science 24 (4): 498–506.Google Scholar
Gerhardt, Julie. 2009. “The roots of envy: The unaesthetic experience of the tantalized/dispossessed self.” Psychoanalytic Dialogues 19: 267–93.Google Scholar
Gibbons, Frederick X. and Buunk, Abraham P., 1999. “Individual differences in social comparison: Development of a scale of social comparison orientation.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 76 (1): 129–42.Google Scholar
Gill, Cristopher. 2003. “Is rivalry a virtue or a vice?” In Envy, Spite, and Jealousy: The Rivalrous Emotions in Ancient Greece, edited by Konstan, David and Ruttner, Keith N., 29–51. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.Google Scholar
Glick, Peter. 2002. “Sacrificial lambs dressed in wolves clothing: Envious prejudice, ideology, and the scapegoating of Jews.” In Understanding Genocide: The Social Psychology of the Holocaust, edited by Newman, Leonard S., and Erber, Ralph, 113–42. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Green, Joshua E. 2013. “Rawls and the forgotten figure of the most advantaged: In defense of reasonable envy toward the superrich.” American Political Science Review 107 (1):123–38.Google Scholar
Green, Keith. 2007. “Aquinas on attachment, envy, and hatred in the Summa Theologica.” Journal of Religious Ethics 35 (3): 403–28.Google Scholar
Gregory, the Great. (578–95 CE) 2012. The Moralia in Job, Vol. 3. Ex Fontibus Company, https://www.exfontibus.com/.Google Scholar
Hackforth, Reginald. 1945. Plato’s Examination of Pleasure, A Translation of the Philebus, with Introduction and Commentary. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Halliwell, Stephen. 2008. Greek Laughter: A Study of Cultural Psychology from Homer to Early Christianity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Harcourt, Edward. 2013 “The place of psychoanalysis in the history of ethics.” Journal of Moral Philosophy. https://doi.org/10.1163/17455243-4681030.Google Scholar
Hardin, Garrett. 1968. “The tragedy of the commons.” Science, New Series, 162 (3859): 1243–8.Google Scholar
Harmon-Jones, Eddie, Price, Tom F., and Gable, Philip A.. 2012. “The influence of affective states on cognitive broadening/narrowing: Considering the importance of motivational intensity.” Social and Personality Psychology Compass 6: 314–27.Google Scholar
Harris, Adrienne. 2002. “Mothers, monsters, mentors.” Studies in Gender and Sexuality 3 (3): 281–95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haslam, Nick, and Bornstein, Brian H.. 1996. “Envy and Jealousy As Discrete Emotions: A Taxometric Analysis.” Motivation and Emotion 20 (3): 255–72.Google Scholar
Hayek, Friedrich A. 1960. The Constitution of Liberty, 2nd impression. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Helm, Bennett. 2017. “Love.” The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2017 Edition), edited by Edward N. Zalta. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2017/entries/love/.Google Scholar
Henrich, Joseph, Heine, Steven J., and Norenzayan, Ara. 2010. “The weirdest people in the world?” Behavioral and Brain Sciences 33 (2–3): 61–83.Google Scholar
Herrmann, F. G. 2003. “Phthonos in the World of Plato’s Timaeus.” In Envy, Spite, and Jealousy: The Rivalrous Emotions in Ancient Greece, edited by Konstan, David and Ruttner, Keith N., 53–83. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.Google Scholar
Heyes, Cressida. 2020. “Identity politics.” The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2020 Edition), edited by Edward N. Zalta. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2020/entries/identity-politics/.Google Scholar
Hill, Sarah, and Buss, David. 2008. “The evolutionary psychology of envy.” In Envy: Theory and Research, edited by Smith, Richard H., 60–71. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Hobbes, Thomas. (1651) 2002. Leviathan, ed. Martinich, A. P.. Peterborough, ON: Broadview.Google Scholar
Horne, Thomas A. 1981. “Envy and commercial society: Mandeville and Smith on ‘private vices, public benefits’”. Political Theory 9(4): 551–69.Google Scholar
Hume, David. (1739–1740) 1978. A Treatise of Human Nature. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Hursthouse, Rosalind, and Pettigrove, Glen. 2018. “Virtue ethics.” The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2018 Edition), edited by Edward N. Zalta. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2018/entries/ethics–virtue/.Google Scholar
Iyengar, Shanto, Sood, Gaurav, and Lelkes, Yphtach. 2012. “Affect, not ideology: A social identity perspective on polarization.” Public Opinion Quarterly 76 (3): 405–31.Google Scholar
Jaggar, Alison M., 1989. “Love and knowledge: Emotion in feminist epistemology.” Inquiry 32 (2): 151–76.Google Scholar
James, Susan. 1997. Passion and Action: The Emotions in Seventeenth–Century Philosophy. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Johnson, Benjamin K., and Knobloch-Westerwick, Silvia. 2014. “Glancing up or down: Mood management and selective social comparisons on social networking sites.” Computers in Human Behavior 41: 33–9.Google Scholar
Jordan, Mark D. 1986. Ordering Wisdom: The Hierarchy of Philosophical Discourses in Aquinas. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press.Google Scholar
Kagan, Shelly. 1992. “The structure of normative ethics.” Philosophical Perspectives 6: 223–42.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kant, Immanuel. (1797) 1996. The Metaphysics of Morals, trans. and ed. Gregor, Mary J.. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Kant, Immanuel. (1793) 1998. Religion within the Boundaries of Mere Reason, trans. George Di Giovanni, ed. Wood, Allen W.. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Kant, Immanuel. (1784) 2007a, Idea for a Universal History with a Cosmopolitan Aim, trans. Wood, Allen W., ed. Zöller, G. and Louden, R. B.. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Kant, Immanuel. (1803) 2007b, Lectures on Pedagogy, trans. Louden, R. B., ed. Zöller, G. and Louden, R. B.. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Kelly, Daniel, and Morar, Nicolae. 2014. “Against the yuck factor: On the ideal role of disgust in society.” Utilitas 26 (2): 153–77.Google Scholar
Kennedy, George A. 2007. Aristotle, on Rhetoric: A Theory of Civic Discourse, Translated with Introduction, Notes and Appendices. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Khader, Serene J. 2011. Adaptive Preferences and Women’s Empowerment. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Kierkegaard, Søren. (1849) 1941. The Sickness Unto Death: A Christian Psychological Exposition for Upbuilding and Awakening. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Kittay, Eva Feder. 2019. Learning from My Daughter: The Value and Care of Disabled Minds. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Klein, Melanie. 1957. Envy and Gratitude: A Study of Unconscious Forces. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Konstan, David. 2003. “Before jealousy.” In Envy, Spite, and Jealousy: The Rivalrous Emotions in Ancient Greece, edited by Konstan, David and Ruttner, Keith N., 7–27. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.Google Scholar
Kleinberg, Aviad. 2006. The Emotions of the Ancient Greeks: Studies in Aristotle and Classical Literature. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.Google Scholar
Konyndyk DeYoung, Rebecca. 2009. Glittering Vices: A New Look at the Seven Deadly Sins and Their Remedies. Grand Rapids: Brazos Press.Google Scholar
Krasnova, Hanna, Wenninger, Helena, Widjaja, Thomas, and Buxmann, Peter. 2013. “Envy on Facebook: A hidden threat to users’ life satisfaction?” In Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Wirtschaftsinformatik (WI2013). Universität Leipzig, Germany.Google Scholar
Kristjánsson, Kristján. 2002. Justifying Emotions: Pride and Jealousy. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Kristjánsson, Kristján. 2006. “Emulation and the use of role models in moral education.” Journal of Moral Education 35 (1): 37–49.Google Scholar
La Caze, Marguerite. 2001. “Envy and resentment.” Philosophical Explorations 4 (1): 31–45.Google Scholar
Lacewing, Michael. 2013. “Could psychoanalysis be a science?” In The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy and Psychiatry, edited by Fulford, Kenneth W. M., Davies, Martin, Gipps, Richard, Graham, George, Sadler, John, Stanghellini, Giovanni, and Thornton, Tim, 1103–27. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Lackey, Douglas P. 2005. “Giotto in Padua: A new geography of the human soul.” The Journal of Ethics 9: 551–72.Google Scholar
Laitinen, Arto. 2012. “Social bases of self–esteem: Rawls, Honneth and beyond.” Nordicum-Mediterraneum 7 (2).Google Scholar
Lange, Jens, and Crusius, Jan. 2015. “Dispositional envy revisited: Unraveling the motivational dynamics of benign and malicious envy.” Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 41 (2): 284–94.Google Scholar
Lange, Jens, Crusius, Jan, and Hagemeyer, Birk. 2016. “The evil queen’s dilemma: Linking narcissistic admiration and rivalry to benign and malicious envy.” European Journal of Personality 30 (2): 168–88.Google Scholar
Lange, Jens, Paulhus, Delroy L., and Crusius, Jan. 2018. “Elucidating the dark side of envy: Distinctive links of benign and malicious envy with dark personalities.” Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 44 (4): 601–14.Google Scholar
Lange, Jens, Weidman, Aaron C., and Crusius, Jan. 2018. “The painful duality of envy: Evidence for an integrative theory and a meta-analysis on the relation of envy and Schadenfreude.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 114 (4): 572–98.Google Scholar
Lange, Jens, Blatz, Lisa, and Crusius, Jan. 2018. “Dispositional envy: A conceptual review.” In The SAGE Handbook of Personality and Individual Differences, edited by Zeigler–Hill, Virgil and Shackelford, Todd, 424–40. Los Angeles: SAGE.Google Scholar
LaVerde-Rubio, Eduardo. 2004. “Envy: One or many?” The International Journal of Psychoanalysis 85 (2): 401–18.Google Scholar
Layard, Richard. 2005. Happiness: Lessons From a New Science. New York: Penguin Press.Google Scholar
Le Bon, Gustave. (1895) 1947. The Crowd: A Study of the Popular Mind. London: Ernest Benn. www.files.ethz.ch/isn/125518/1414_LeBon.pdfGoogle Scholar
Leach, Colin Wayne, van Zomeren, Martijn, Zebel, Sven, Vliek, Michael L. W., Pennekamp, Sjoerd F., Doosje, Bertjan, Ouwerkerk, Jaap W., and Spears, Russell. 2008 “Group-level self-definition and self-investment: A hierarchical (multicomponent) model of in-group identification.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 95 (1): 144–65.Google Scholar
Lewis, Michael. 2009. Home Game: An Accidental Guide to Fatherhood. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.Google Scholar
Limberis, Vasiliki. 1991. “The eyes infected by evil: Basil of Caesarea’s homily, on envy.” The Harvard Theological Review 84 (2): 163–84.Google Scholar
Lin, Ruoyun, and Utz, Sonja. 2015. “The emotional responses of browsing Facebook: Happiness, envy, and the role of tie strength.” Computers in Human Behavior 52: 29–38.Google Scholar
Lindholm, Charles. 2008. “Culture and envy.” In Envy: Theory and Research, edited by Smith, Richard H., 227–44. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Livingstone Smith, David. 2011. Less than Human: Why We Demean, Enslave and Exterminate Others. New York: St. Martin’s Press.Google Scholar
Livingstone Smith, David. 2020. On Inhumanity: Dehumanization and How to Resist It. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Locke, John. (1690) 1975. The Clarendon Edition of the Works of John Locke: An Essay Concerning Human Understanding, ed. Nidditch, Peter H.. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Lockwood, Penelope, and Kunda, Ziva. 1997. “Superstars and me: Predicting the impact of role models on the self.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 73 (1): 91–103.Google Scholar
Lorde, Audre. 1981. “The uses of anger: Women responding to racism.” In Sister Outsider: Essays and Speeches, Lorde, Audre (2012), 124–33. Freedom. CA: Crossing Press.Google Scholar
Lorde, Audre. 1984. “Age, race, class and sex: Women redefining difference.” In Sister Outsider: Essays and Speeches, Lorde, Audre (2012), 114–23. Freedom, CA: Crossing Press.Google Scholar
Lutz, Catherine A. 1988. Unnatural Emotions: Everyday Sentiments on a Micronesian Atoll and Their Challenge to Western Theory. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
McBride, Karyl. 2008. Will I Ever Be Good Enough? Healing the Daughters of Narcissistic Mothers. New York: Atria Books.Google Scholar
McIntyre, Alison. “Doctrine of double effect.” The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2019 Edition), edited by Edward N. Zalta. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2019/entries/double-effect/.Google Scholar
Mackie, Diane M., Smith, Eliot R., and Ray, Devin G.. 2008. “Intergroup emotions and intergroup relations.” Social and Personality Psychology Compass 2 (5): 1866–80.Google Scholar
Mackie, Diane M., 2010. “Unreasonable resentments.” Journal of Social Philosophy 41 (4): 422–41.Google Scholar
MacLachlan, Alice. 2009. “Practicing imperfect forgiveness.” In Feminist Ethics and Social and Political Philosophy: Theorizing the Non-ideal, edited by Tessman, Lisa, 185–204. New York: Springer.Google Scholar
McRae, Emily. 2017. “Anger and the oppressed: Indo-Tibetan Buddhist perspectives.” In The Moral Psychology of Anger, edited by Cherry, Myisha and Flanagan, Owen, 105–21. London: Rowman & Littlefield.Google Scholar
Mallon, Ron, and Stich, Stephen P.. 2000. “The odd couple: The compatibility of social construction and evolutionary psychology.” Philosophy of Science 67 (1): 133–54.Google Scholar
Masters, J.C. and Keil, L.J.. 1987. “Generic comparison processes in human judgment and behavior.” In Social Comparison, Social Justice, and Relative Deprivation: Theoretical, Empirical, and Policy Perspectives, edited by Masters, J. C. and Smith, W. P., 11–54. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.Google Scholar
May, Josh. 2014. “Does disgust influence moral judgment?” Australasian Journal of Philosophy 92 (1): 125–41.Google Scholar
Miceli, Maria. 2012, L’invidia. Anatomia di un’emozione inconfessabile. Bologna: Il Mulino.Google Scholar
Miceli, Maria, and Castelfranchi, Cristiano. 2007. “The envious mind.” Cognition and Emotion 21 (3): 449–79.Google Scholar
Migliori, Maurizio. 1993. L’uomo fra piacere, intelligenza e bene: commentario storico-filosofico al “Filebo” di Platone. Milano: Vita e Pensiero.Google Scholar
Morgan-Knapp, Cristopher. 2014. “Economic envy.” Journal of Applied Philosophy 31 (2): 113–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moriarty, Jeffrey. 2009. “Rawls, self–respect, and the opportunity for meaningful work.” Social Theory and Practice 35 (3): 441–59.Google Scholar
Mussweiler, Thomas. 2003. “Comparison processes in social judgment: Mechanisms and consequences.” Psychological Review 110 (3): 472.Google Scholar
Mussweiler, Thomas, Rüter, Katja, and Epstude, Kai. 2004. “The ups and downs of social comparison: Mechanisms of assimilation and contrast.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 87 (6): 832.Google Scholar
Neaman, Judith S., and Silver, Carole G.. 1995. The Wordsworth Book of Euphemism. Ware: Wordsworth.Google Scholar
Neill, M. A. F. 2006. Othello, the Moor of Venice: The Oxford Shakespeare. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Neu, Jerome. 1980, “Jealous thoughts.” In Explaining Emotions, edited by Rorty, Amélie Oksenberg, 425–63. Oakland: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Neuhouser, Frederick. 2008. Rousseau’s Theodicy of Self-Love: Evil, Rationality, and the Drive for Recognition. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Newhauser, Richard G., ed. 2005. In the Garden of Evil: The Vices and Culture in the Middle Ages. Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies.Google Scholar
Nietzsche, Friedrich. (1887) 1994. On the Genealogy of Morality, trans. Carol Diethe, ed. Ansell–Pearson, Keith. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Nolen-Hoeksema, Susan, and Davis, Christopher G.. 2002. “Positive responses to loss: Perceiving benefits and growth.” In Handbook of Positive Psychology, edited by Snyder, C. R. and Lopez, Shane J., 598–606. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Norlock, Kathryn J., and Rumsey, Jean. 2009. “The limits of forgiveness.” Hypatia 24 (1): 100–22.Google Scholar
Norman, Richard. 2002. “Equality, envy, and the sense of injustice.” Journal of Applied Philosophy 19 (1): 43–54.Google Scholar
Nussbaum, Martha C. 1986. The Fragility of Goodness: Luck and Ethics in Greek Tragedy and Philosophy. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Nussbaum, Martha C. 1990. Love’s Knowledge: Essays on Philosophy and Literature. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Nussbaum, Martha C. 2001a. Upheavals of Thought. The Intelligence of Emotions. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Nussbaum, Martha C. 2001b. “Adaptive Preferences and Women’s Options.” Economics and Philosophy 17 (1): 67–88.Google Scholar
Nussbaum, Martha C. 2015. “Transitional anger.” Journal of the American Philosophical Association 1 (1): 41–56.Google Scholar
Nussbaum, Martha C. 2016. Anger and Forgiveness: Resentment, Generosity, Justice. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Nussbaum, Martha C. 2018. The Monarchy of Fear: A Philosopher Looks at Our Political Crisis. New York: Simon & Schuster.Google Scholar
Olesha, Yuri. 2012. Envy, trans. Schwartz, Marian. New York: New York Review of Books.Google Scholar
Orbach, Susie, and Eichenbaum, Luise. 1988, Bittersweet: Facing Up to Feelings of Love, Envy and Competition in Women’s Friendships. London: Arrow Books.Google Scholar
Parfit, Derek. 2000. “Equality or priority?” In The Ideal of Equality, edited by Clayton, Matthew and Williams, Andrew. 81–125. Basingstoke and New York: Macmillan.Google Scholar
Parrott, W. Gerald. 1991. “The emotional experiences of envy and jealousy.” In The Psychology of Envy and Jealousy, edited by Salovey, Peter, 3–30. New York: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Parrott, W. Gerald, and Smith, Richard H.. 1993. “Distinguishing the experiences of envy and jealousy.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 64: 906–20.Google Scholar
Parrott, W. Gerald, and Mosquera, Patricia Rodriguez. 2008. “On the pleasures and displeasures of being envied.” In The Psychology of Envy and Jealousy, edited by Salovey, Peter, 117–32. New York: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Perrine, T. 2011. “Envy and self-worth: Amending Aquinas’s definition of envy.” American Catholic Philosophical Quarterly, 85 (3): 433–46.Google Scholar
Perrine, T., and Timpe, Kevin. 2014. “Envy and its discontents.” In Virtues and Their Vices, edited by Timpe, Kevin and Boyd, Craig A., 225–44. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Pfaelzer, Jean. 2007. Driven Out: The Forgotten War against Chinese Americans. New York: Random House.Google Scholar
Platman, S. R., Plutchik, Robert, and Weinstein, Bette. 1971. “Psychiatric, physiological, behavioral and self-report measures in relation to a suicide attempt.” Journal of Psychiatric Research 8 (2): 127–37.Google Scholar
Plato, . 1997. Plato: Complete Works, ed. Cooper, John M.. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Co.Google Scholar
Plutarch. (1st. c. CE) 1959. De invidia et odio, Moralia, Vol. 7. Loeb Classical Library. http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Moralia/De_invidia_et_odio*.html.Google Scholar
Plutarch. (1st. c. CE) 2004. De invidia et odio (in Italian and Greek), trans. and ed. Lanzi, Silvia. Napoli: M. D’Auria.Google Scholar
Plutchik, Robert. 2002. Emotions and Life: Perspectives from Psychology, Biology, and Evolution. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.Google Scholar
Polledri, Patricia. 2003. “Envy revisited.” British Journal of Psychotherapy 20 (2): 195–218.Google Scholar
Postema, Gerald J. 2005. “‘Cemented with diseased qualities’: sympathy and comparison in Hume’s moral psychology.” Hume Studies 31 (2): 249–98.Google Scholar
Prinz, Jesse. 2016. “Culture and cognitive science.” The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2016 Edition), edited by Edward N. Zalta. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2016/entries/culture–cogsci/.Google Scholar
Protasi, Sara 2014. “Loving people for who they are (even when they don’t love you back.)” European Journal of Philosophy 24 (1): 214–34.Google Scholar
Protasi, Sara 2017a. “The perfect bikini body: Can we all really have it? Loving gaze as an antioppressive beauty idea.” Thought 6 (2): 93–101.Google Scholar
Protasi, Sara 2017b. “‘I’m not envious, I’m just jealous!’: On the difference between envy and jealousy.” Journal of the American Philosophical Association 3 (3): 316–33.Google Scholar
Protasi, Sara 2017c. “Invideo et amo: on envying the beloved.” Philosophia 47: 1765–1784.Google Scholar
Protasi, Sara 2019. “Happy self–surrender and unhappy self–assertion.” In The Moral Psychology of Admiration, edited by Archer, Alfred and Grahle, André, 45–60. London: Rowman & Littlefield International.Google Scholar
Protevi, John. 2014. “Political emotion.” In Collective Emotions: Perspectives from Psychology, Philosophy, and Sociology, edited by von Scheve, Christian and Salmela, Mikko, 326–40. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Rangel, Marcos A. 2015. “Is parental love colorblind? Human capital accumulation within mixed families.” The Review of Black Political Economy 42: 57–86.Google Scholar
Rawls, John. 1999. A Theory of Justice, rev. ed. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Roberts, Robert C. 2003. Emotions: An Essay in Aid of Moral Psychology. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques. 1973. The Social Contract and Discourses, trans. Cole, G. D. H.. London: Dent, and Everyman’s library.Google Scholar
Ryff, Carol D. and Singer, Burton. 2003. “Flourishing under fire: Resilience as a prototype of challenged thriving.” In Flourishing: Positive Psychology and the Life Well-lived, edited by Keyes, C. L. M. and Haidt, J., 15–36. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.Google Scholar
Sachs, David. 1981. “How to distinguish self-respect from self-esteem.” Philosophy & Public Affairs 10 (4): 346–60.Google Scholar
Salice, Alessandro, and Sánchez, Alba Montes. 2019. “Envy and us.” European Journal of Philosophy 27 (1): 227–42.Google Scholar
Salovey, Peter, and Rodin, Judith. 1984. ‘Some antecedents and consequences of social-comparison jealousy.’ Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 47 (4): 780–92.Google Scholar
Salovey, Peter, and Rothman, Alexander J.. 1991. “Envy and jealousy: Self and society.” In The Psychology of Envy and Jealousy, edited by Salovey, Peter, 271–86. New York: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Sanders, Ed. 2014. Envy and Jealousy in Classical Athens: A Socio-Psychological Approach. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Sayers, Dorothy. (1940) 1999. Creed or Chaos? Why Christians Must Choose Either Dogma or Disaster (or, Why It Really Does Matter What You Believe). Manchester, NH: Sophia Institute Press.Google Scholar
Schaubroeck, John and Lam, Simon S. K. 2004. “Comparing lots before and after: Promotion rejectees’ invidious reactions to promotees.” Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 94 (1): 33–47.Google Scholar
Scheman, Naomi. 1980. “Anger and the politics of naming.” In Women and Language in Literature and Society, edited by Furman, Nelly, Borker, Ruth, and McConnell-Ginet, Sally, 22–35. New York: Praeger.Google Scholar
Schimmel, Solomon. 1997. The Seven Deadly Sins: Jewish, Christian, and Classical Reflections on Human Psychology. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Schimmel, Solomon. 2008. “Envy in Jewish though and literature.” In Envy: Theory and Research, edited by Smith, Richard H., 17–38. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Schindler, Ines, Zink, Veronika, Windrich, Johannes, and Menninghaus, Winfried. 2013. “Admiration and adoration: Their different ways of showing and shaping who we are.” Cognition & Emotion 27 (1): 85–118.Google Scholar
Schindler, Ines, Paech, Juliane, and Löwenbrück, Fabian. 2015. “Linking admiration and adoration to self–expansion: Different ways to enhance one’s potential.” Cognition and Emotion 29 (2): 292–310.Google Scholar
Schmid, Hans Bernhard. 2014. “The feeling of being a group: Corporate emotions and collective consciousness.” In Collective Emotions: Perspectives from Psychology, Philosophy, and Sociology, edited by von Scheve, Christian and Salmela, Mikko, 3–16. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Schmitter, Amy M. 2011. “Family trees: Sympathy, comparison, and the proliferation of the passions in Hume and his predecessors.” In Emotion and Reason in Medieval and Early Modern Philosophy, edited by Shapiro, Lisa and Pickavé, Martin, 255–78. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Schmitter, Amy M. 2016. “17th and 18th century theories of emotions.” The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2016 Edition), edited by Edward N. Zalta. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2016/entries/emotions-17th18th/.Google Scholar
Schoeck, Helmut. 1969. Envy: A Theory of Social Behaviour. San Diego: Harcourt, Brace & World.Google Scholar
Senior, Jennifer. 2014. All Joy and No Fun: The Paradox of Modern Parenthood. New York: HarperCollins.Google Scholar
Shakespeare, William. (c.1603) 2006. Othello, ed. Neill, Michael. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Shapiro, Joseph P. 1993. No Pity: People with Disabilities Forging a New Civil Rights Movement. New York: Times books.Google Scholar
Shapiro, Lisa. 2006. “Descartes’s passions of the soul.” Philosophy Compass 1 (3): 268–78.Google Scholar
Silver, Maury, and Sabini, John. 1978. “The social construction of envy.” Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour 8: 313–32.Google Scholar
Singh, Jyotsna. 2003. “Post-colonial criticism.” In Shakespeare: An Oxford Guide, ed. Wells, Stanley and Orlin, Lena Cowen, 492–507. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Smith, Eliot R., Seger, Charles R., and Mackie, Diane M.. 2008. “Can emotions be truly group level? Evidence regarding four conceptual criteria.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 93 (3): 431–46.Google Scholar
Smith, Richard H. 1991. “Envy and the sense of injustice.” In The Psychology of Envy and Jealousy, edited by Salovey, Peter, 79–99. New York: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Smith, Richard H. 2000. “Assimilative and contrastive emotional reactions to upward and downward social comparisons.” In Handbook of Social Comparison: Theory and Research, edited by Suls, Jerry and Wheeler, Ladd, 173–200. Berlin: Plenum.Google Scholar
Smith, Richard H., Kim, Sung Hee, and Parrott, Gerrod W.. 1988. “Envy and jealousy: Semantic problems and experiential distinctions.” Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 14: 401–9.Google Scholar
Smith, Richard H., Turner, Terence J., Garonzik, Ron, Leach, Colin Wayne, Urch-Druskat, Vanessa, and Weston, Christine M.. 1996. “Envy and Schadenfreude.” Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 22: 158–68.Google Scholar
Smith, Richard H., Parrott, Gerrod W., Diener, Edward F., Hoyle, R. H., and Kim, Sung Hee. 1999. “Dispositional envy.” Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 25 (8): 1007–20.Google Scholar
Smith, Richard H., Powell, Caitlin A. J., Combs, David J. Y., and Schurtz, David Ryan. 2009. “Exploring the when and why of Schadenfreude.” Social and Personality Psychology Compass 3 (4): 530–46.Google Scholar
Solnick, Sara J. and Hemenway, David, 1998. “Is more always better? A survey on positional concerns.” Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 37(3): 373–83.Google Scholar
Smith, Richard H., Turner, Terence J., Garonzik, Ron, Leach, Colin Wayne, Urch-Druskat, Vanessa, and Weston, Christine M.. 2005. “Are positional concerns stronger in some domains than in others?” American Economic Review 95 (2): 147–51.Google Scholar
Solomon, Robert C. 1976. The Passions: The Myth and Nature of Human Emotion. Garden City, NY: Doubleday.Google Scholar
Spinoza, Baruch. (1677) 1949. Ethics, ed. and trans. Gutmann, J.. New York: Hafner Publishing Company.Google Scholar
Stafford, William S. 1994. Disordered Loves: Healing the Seven Deadly Sins. Cambridge, MA: Cowley.Google Scholar
Starmans, Christina, Sheskin, Mark, and Bloom, Paul. 2017. “Why people prefer unequal societies.” Nature Human Behaviour 1 (0082): https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-017-0082.Google Scholar
Staub, Ervin. 1989. The Roots of Evil: The Origins of Genocide and Other Group Violence. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Stein, Murray. 1990. “Sibling rivalry and the problem of envy.” Journal of Analytical Psychology 35 (2): 161–74.Google Scholar
Stevens, Edward B. 1948. “Envy and pity in Greek philosophy.” The American Journal of Philology 69 (2): 171–89.Google Scholar
Strawson, Peter F. 1962. “Freedom and resentment.” Proceedings of the British Academy 48: 1–25.Google Scholar
Tai, Kenneth, Narayanan, Jayanth, and Mcallister, Daniel J.. 2012. “Envy as pain: Rethinking the nature of envy and its implications for employees and organizations.” Academy of Management Review 37 (1): 107–29.Google Scholar
Tandoc, Edson C. Jr., Ferrucci, Patrick, and Duffy, Margaret. 2015. “Facebook use, envy, and depression among college students: Is facebooking depressing?” Computers in Human Behavior 43: 139–46.Google Scholar
Taylor, Gabriele E. 1988. “Envy and jealousy: Emotions and vices.” Midwest Studies in Philosophy 13: 233–49.Google Scholar
Terlazzo, Rosa. 2016. “Conceptualizing adaptive preferences respectfully: An indirectly substantive account.” The Journal of Political Philosophy 24 (2): 206–26.Google Scholar
Tesser, Abraham, and Collins, James E.. 1988. “Emotion in social reflection and comparison situations: Intuitive, systematic, and exploratory approaches.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 55: 695–709.Google Scholar
Tesser, Abraham, Millar, Murray, and Moore, Janet. 1988. “Some affective consequences of social comparison and reflection processes: The pain and pleasure of being close.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 54: 49–61.Google Scholar
Testa, Maria, and Major, Brenda. 1990. “The impact of social comparison after failure: The moderating effects of perceived control.” Basic and Applied Social Psychology 11: 205–18.Google Scholar
Aquinas, Thomas. (1265–74) 1947–8. Summa Theologica: Complete English Edition in Five Volumes, trans. Fathers of the English Dominican Province. Notre Dame: Ave Maria Press.Google Scholar
Aquinas, Thomas, Corpus Thomisticum: S. Thomae de Aquino Opera Omnia, available online. www.corpusthomisticum.org.Google Scholar
Thomason, Krista K. 2015. “The moral value of envy.” The Southern Journal of Philosophy 53 (1): 36–53.Google Scholar
Tomlin, Patrick. 2008, “Envy, facts and justice: A critique of the treatment of envy in justice as fairness.” Res Publica 14 (2): 101–16.Google Scholar
Tov-Ruach, Leila. 1980. “Jealousy, attention, and loss.” In Explaining Emotions, edited by Rorty, Amélie O., 465–88. Oakland: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Tuske, Joerg. 2011. “The concept of emotion in classical Indian philosophy.” The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2011 Edition), edited by Edward N. Zalta. http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2011/entries/concept–emotion–india/.Google Scholar
Uchino, Bert N., Holt-Lunstad, Julianne, Uno, Darcy, and Flinders, Jeffrey B.. 2001. “Heterogeneity in the social networks of young and older adults: Prediction of mental health and cardiovascular reactivity during acute stress.” Journal of Behavioral Medicine 24: 261–382.Google Scholar
Van Kleef, Gerben A., and Fischer, Agneta H.. 2015. “Emotional collectives: How groups shape emotions and emotions shape groups.” Cognition and Emotion 30 (1): 3–19.Google Scholar
Van de Ven, Niels. 2016. “Envy and its consequences: Why it is useful to distinguish between benign and malicious envy.” Social and Personality Psychology Compass 10 (6): 337–49.Google Scholar
Van de Ven, Niels. 2017. “Envy and admiration: Emotion and motivation following upward social comparison.” Cognition and Emotion 31 (1): 193–200.Google Scholar
Van de Ven, Niels, Zeelenberg, Marcel, and Pieters, Rik. 2009. “Leveling up and down: The experiences of benign and malicious envy.” Emotion 9 (3): 419–29.Google Scholar
Van de Ven, Niels, Zeelenberg, Marcel, and Pieters, Rik. 2011. “Why envy outperforms admiration.” Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 37: 784–95.Google Scholar
Van de Ven, Niels, Zeelenberg, Marcel, and Pieters, Rik. 2012. “Appraisal patterns of envy and related emotions.” Motivation and Emotion 36: 195–204.Google Scholar
Van de Ven, Niels, Hooglandb, Charles E., Smith, Richard H., van Dijk, Wilco W., Breugelmansad, Seger M., and Zeelenberg, Marcel. 2015. “When envy leads to Schadenfreude.” Cognition and Emotion 29 (6): 1007–25.Google Scholar
Van de Ven, Niels, and Zeelenberg, Marcel. 2015. “On the counterfactual nature of envy: ‘It could have been me’.” Cognition and Emotion 29(6): 954–71.Google Scholar
Van Dijk, Wilco W., Ouwerkerk, Jaap W., Goslinga, Sjoerd, Nieweg, Myrke, and Gallucci, Marcello. 2006. “When people fall from grace: Reconsidering the role of envy in Schadenfreude.” Emotion 6 (1): 156–60.Google Scholar
Van Kleef, Gerben A., and Fischer, Agneta H.. 2016. “Emotional collectives: How groups shape emotions and emotions shape groups.” Cognition and Emotion 30 (1): 3–19.Google Scholar
Van Zomeren, Martijn, Spears, Russell, Fischer, Agneta H., and Leach, Colin Wayne. 2004. “Put your money where your mouth is! Explaining collective action tendencies through group-based anger and group efficacy.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 87: 649–64.Google Scholar
Verduyn, Philippe, Lee, David Seungjae, Park, Jiyoung, Shablack, Holly, Orvell, Ariana, Bayer, Joseph, Ybarra, Oscar, Jonides, John, and Kross, Ethan. 2015. “Passive Facebook usage undermines affective well-being: Experimental and longitudinal evidence.” Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 144 (2): 480–8.Google Scholar
Vice, Samantha. 2017. “White pride.” In The Moral Psychology of Pride, edited by Carter, J. Adam and Gordon, Emma C., 191–210. London: Rowman & Littlefield.Google Scholar
Vigani, Denise. 2017. “Is patience a virtue?” The Journal of Value Inquiry 51 (2): 327–40.Google Scholar
Von Scheve, Christian, and Salmela, Mikko. 2014. Collective Emotions: Perspectives from Psychology, Philosophy, and Sociology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Wert, Sarah R. and Salovey, Peter. 2004. “A social comparison account of gossip.” Review of General Psychology 8 (2): 122–37.Google Scholar
Wojcieszak, Magdalena E. and Mutz, Diana C.. 2009. “Online groups and political discourse: Do online discussion spaces facilitate exposure to political disagreement?” Journal of Communication 59 (1): 40–56.Google Scholar
Wong, David. 2013. “Chinese ethics.” The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2013 Edition), edited by Edward N. Zalta. http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2013/entries/ethics–chinese/.Google Scholar
Wyatt, Jean. 1998. “I want to be you: Envy, the Lacanian double, and feminist community in Margaret Atwood’s The Robber Bride.” Tulsa Studies in Women’s Literature 17 (1): 37–64.Google Scholar
Zeavin, Lynne. 2012. “The analyst’s unconscious reactions to the baby in the consulting room.” Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association 60 (3): 517–25.Google Scholar
Zia, Helen. 2000. Asian American Dreams: The Emergence of an American People. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.Google Scholar