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3 - Genetic and Environmental Influences on Chimpanzee Brain and Cognition

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 July 2022

By
William D. Hopkins  and
Chet C. Sherwood
Edited by
Bennett L. Schwartz  and
Michael J. Beran
Bennett L. Schwartz
Affiliation:
Florida International University
Michael J. Beran
Affiliation:
Georgia State University
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Summary

The seminal work on mirror self-recognition, theory of mind, and ape-language abilities beginning in the 1960s has stimulated a recent, significant body research on the cognitive abilities of animals. Because of their greater genetic, morphological, and neuroanatomical similarities with humans, research on cognition in nonhuman primates has held a particular fascination from scientific and public perspective. In this chapter, we present a summary of recent studies by our research group on the general intelligence of chimpanzees. We further present data on (1) the contribution of genetic and non-genetic factors in explaining individual variation in cognitive performance in the chimpanzees and (2) phenotypic, genetic, and environmental associations found between chimpanzee cognition and neuroanatomical organization. We end by discussing limitations in the study of cognition and emphasize the need to include individual as well as grouped data in the reporting of results. We also offer some suggestions for future research that would provide new insight into the evolution of human unique cognitive abilities.

Keywords

chimpanzeecognitionprimate cognition test batteryheritabilityneuroanatomybrain–behavior associations
Type
Chapter
Information
Primate Cognitive Studies , pp. 29 - 56
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2022

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