Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-lj6df Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T10:55:11.505Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter 2 - Philosophical Foundations for the Study of Wisdom

from Part I - Introduction to Wisdom Theory and Research

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 May 2022

Robert J. Sternberg
Affiliation:
Cornell University, New York
Judith Glück
Affiliation:
Universität Klagenfurt, Austria
Get access

Summary

Chapter abstract (Philosophical Foundations for the Study of Wisdom): A person with practical wisdom reliably grasps how to live and conduct themselves. But what is practical wisdom, how can we get it, and how can we study it? This chapter will introduce some prominent philosophical arguments and answers to these questions. After distinguishing practical wisdom from other types of wisdom, the chapter explains why studying wisdom requires combining both philosophy and empirical science. To illustrate the contribution of philosophy, the chapter motivates a core philosophical conception of wisdom and invites the reader to think through some philosophical puzzles it gives rise to.

Type
Chapter
Information
The Psychology of Wisdom
An Introduction
, pp. 15 - 34
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2022

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Annas, J. (1995). Virtue as a skill. International Journal of Philosophical Studies, 3(2), 227–43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Annas, J. (2004). Being virtuous and doing the right thing. Proceedings and Addresses of the American Philosophical Association, 78, 6175.Google Scholar
Annas, J. (2011). Intelligent Virtue. Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ardelt, M. (2003). Empirical assessment of a three-dimensional wisdom scale. Research on Aging, 25(3), 275324.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ardelt, M. (2004). Wisdom as expert knowledge system: A critical review of a contemporary operationalization of an ancient concept. Human Development, 47(5), 257–85.Google Scholar
Aristotle. (1999). Nicomachean Ethics (T. Irwin, trans.). Hackett Publishing Company.Google Scholar
Arpaly, N. (2002). Unprincipled Virtue: An Inquiry into Moral Agency. Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Badhwar, N. (1996). The limited unity of virtue. Nous, 30(3), 306–29.Google Scholar
Baehr, J. (2012). Two types of wisdom. Acta Analytica, 27(2), 8197.Google Scholar
Bell, M. (2009). Anger, virtue, and oppression. In Tessman, L., ed. Feminist Ethics and Social and Political Philosophy: Theorizing the Non-Ideal. Springer, pp. 165–83.Google Scholar
Blum, L. (2007). Racial virtues. In Walker, R. L. and Ivanhoe, P. J., eds., Working Virtues. Oxford University Press, pp. 225–50.Google Scholar
Broadie, S. (1993). Ethics with Aristotle. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Brooks, J. and Walsh, P. (2017). St. Olaf: Report of racist note on black student’s windshield was “fabricated.” Star Tribune, May 11; http://www.startribune.com/st-olaf-report-of-racist-note-on-black-student-s-windshield-was-fabricated/421912763/Google Scholar
Brouwer, R. (2014). The Stoic Sage: The Early Stoics on Wisdom, Sagehood and Socrates. Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cherry, M. (2021). The Case for Rage: Why Anger is Essential to Anti-Racist Struggle. Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Darnell, C., Gulliford, L., Kristjánsson, K., and Paris, P. (2019). Phronesis and the knowledge-action gap in moral psychology and moral education: a new synthesis? Human Development, 62(3), 101–29.Google Scholar
Driver, J. (2013). Moral expertise: judgment, practice, and analysis. Social Philosophy & Policy, 30(1–2), 280–96.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gambrel, J. C. and Cafaro, P. (2010). The virtue of simplicity. Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics, 23(1–2), 85108.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Glück, J. (2020). The important difference between psychologists’ labs and real life: evaluating the validity of models of wisdom. Psychological Inquiry, 31(2), 144–50.Google Scholar
Gowans, C. (2016). Moral relativism. In Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2016). https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2016/entries/moral-relativism/Google Scholar
Grimm, S. R. (2015). Wisdom. Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 93(1), 139–54.Google Scholar
Grossmann, I., Weststrate, N. M., Ardelt, M. et al. (2020). The science of wisdom in a polarized world: knowns and unknowns. Psychological Inquiry, 31(2), 103–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gyekye, K. (2011). African ethics. In Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/african-ethics/Google Scholar
Hills, A. (2015). The intellectuals and the virtues. Ethics, 126(1), 736.Google Scholar
Hursthouse, R. (1999). On Virtue Ethics. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Hursthouse, R. (2007). Environmental virtue ethics. In Walker, R. and Ivanhoe, P. J., eds. Working Virtue: Virtue Ethics and Contemporary Moral Problems. Oxford University Press, pp. 155–71.Google Scholar
Hursthouse, R. and Pettigrove, G. (2016). Virtue ethics. In Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2016). https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/ethics-virtue/Google Scholar
Kekes, J. (1995). Moral Wisdom and Good Lives. Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Kraut, R. (2009). What is Good and Why: The Ethics of Well-Being. Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
McDowell, J. (1979). Virtue and reason. Monist, 62(3), 331–50.Google Scholar
Marshall, J. (2002). The Lakota Way: Stories and Lessons for Living. Penguin.Google Scholar
Mengzi, . (2008). Mengzi: With Selections from Traditional Commentaries (B. W. Van Norden, trans.). Hackett Publishing Company.Google Scholar
Metz, T. (2012). Ethics in Africa and in Aristotle: some points of contrast. Phronimon, 13(2), 99117.Google Scholar
Nussbaum, M. C. (1988). Non-relative virtues: an Aristotelian approach. Midwest Studies in Philosophy, 13(1), 3253.Google Scholar
Nussbaum, M. C. (2001). Women and Human Development: The Capabilities Approach, Vol. 3. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Oakes, H., Brienza, J., Elnakouri, A., and Grossmann, I. (2019). Wise reasoning: converging evidence for the psychology of sound judgment. In Sternberg, R. J. and Glück, J., eds., The Cambridge Handbook of Wisdom. Cambridge University Press, pp. 202–25.Google Scholar
Olberding, A. (2008). Dreaming of the Duke of Zhou: exemplarism and the Analects. Journal of Chinese Philosophy, 35(4), 625–39.Google Scholar
Pakaluk, M. (2005). Aristotle’s Nichomachean Ethics: An Introduction. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Peters, J. (2013). Virtue, personal good, and the silencing of reasons. Aristotelian Ethics in Contemporary Perspective, 21, 69.Google Scholar
Prinz, J. (2007). The Emotional Construction of Morals. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Ryan, S. (1999). What is wisdom? Philosophical Studies, 93(2), 119–39.Google Scholar
Ryan, S. (2016). Wisdom: understanding and the good life. Acta Analytica, 31(3), 235–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Singer, P. (1972). Famine, affluence, and morality. Philosophy & Public Affairs, 1(3), 229–43.Google Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. and Glück, J. (2019). The Cambridge Handbook of Wisdom. Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sternberg, R. J. and Karami, S. (2021). What is wisdom? A unified 6P framework. Review of General Psychology, 25(2), 134–51.Google Scholar
Stichter, M. (2007). Ethical expertise: the skill model of virtue. Ethical Theory and Moral Practice, 10(2), 183–94.Google Scholar
Stichter, M. (2018). The Skillfulness of Virtue: Improving our Moral and Epistemic Lives. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Stoner, I. and Swartwood, J. (2021). Doing Practical Ethics. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Swartwood, J. (2013a). Cultivating Practical Wisdom Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Minnesota; http://conservancy.umn.edu/bitstream/154543/1/Swartwood_umn_0130E_13707.pdfGoogle Scholar
Swartwood, J. (2013b). Wisdom as an expert skill. Ethical Theory and Moral Practice, 16(3), 511–28. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10677-012-9367-2Google Scholar
Swartwood, J. (2020). Can we measure practical wisdom? Journal of Moral Education, 49(1), 7197.Google Scholar
Swartwood, J. and Tiberius, V. (2019). Philosophical foundations of wisdom. In Sternberg, R. J. and Glück, J., eds., The Cambridge Handbook of Wisdom. Cambridge University Press, pp. 1039.Google Scholar
Tessman, L. (2005). Burdened Virtues: Virtue Ethics for Liberatory Struggles. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Tiberius, V. (2008). The Reflective Life: Living Wisely With Our Limits. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Tiberius, V. (2015). Moral Psychology: A Contemporary Introduction. Routledge.Google Scholar
Tiberius, V. and Swartwood, J. (2011). Wisdom revisited: a case study in normative theorizing. Philosophical Explorations, 14(3), 277–95.Google Scholar
Tsu, P. S.-H. (2017). Can virtue be codified? Virtue’s Reasons: New Essays on Virtue, Character, and Reasons, 37, 65.Google Scholar
Weststrate, N. M., Bluck, S., and Glück, J. (2019). Wisdom of the crowd: exploring people’s conceptions of wisdom. In Sternberg, R. J. and Glück, J., eds., The Cambridge Handbook of Wisdom. Cambridge University Press, pp. 97121.Google Scholar
Wolf, S. (2007). Moral psychology and the unity of the virtues. Ratio, 20(2), 145–67.Google Scholar
Wong, D. (2002). Reasons and analogical reasoning in Mengzi. In Liu, X. and Ivanhoe, P. J., eds., Essays on the Moral Philosophy of Mengzi. Hackett Publishing Company, pp. 187220.Google Scholar
Zagzebski, L. T. (2010). Exemplarist virtue theory. Metaphilosophy, 41(1), 4157.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×