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2 - Theory of Reflectance and Emittance Spectroscopy of Geologic Materials in the Visible and Infrared Regions

from Part I - Theory of Remote Compositional Analysis Techniques and Laboratory Measurements

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 November 2019

By
John F. Mustard  and
Timothy D. Glotch
Edited by
Janice L. Bishop ,
James F. Bell III  and
Jeffrey E. Moersch
Janice L. Bishop
Affiliation:
SETI Institute, California
James F. Bell III
Affiliation:
Arizona State University
Jeffrey E. Moersch
Affiliation:
University of Tennessee, Knoxville
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Summary

The theory of reflectance and emittance spectroscopy is based on the fundamental principles of radiative transfer (the propagation of energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation) in particulate media. This chapter outlines key models for radiative transfer in particulate media that can be forward-modeled to predict reflectance and emittance spectra or inverted to obtain the abundance of geologic materials from remote observations. The models are rooted in the optical properties of geologic materials, namely the complex index of refraction, and the scattering of light controlled by particulate texture, shape, and size. The chapter is divided into reflectance modeling and emittance modeling because of the key difference in the origin of the electromagnetic radiation: external to the grain’s surface and internal to the grain’s surface, though the principles are common across this division. The key models presented for reflectance spectroscopy are the Hapke model for scattering and reflectance and the Shkuratov model for reflectance. For emittance spectroscopy, the Hapke model forms the backbone upon which hybrid models incorporating Mie T-matrix concepts are integrated.

Keywords

emissionHapkemid-infraredradiative transferreflectancescatteringSkuratovspectroscopyT-matrixVNIR
Type
Chapter
Information
Remote Compositional Analysis
Techniques for Understanding Spectroscopy, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry of Planetary Surfaces
 , pp. 21 - 41
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2019

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