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5 - Modalities of State Building

Bureaucracy, Campaign, and Performance in Sunan, 1950–1953*

from Part II - Domestic Governance

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2023

Anja Blanke
Affiliation:
Freie Universität Berlin
Julia C. Strauss
Affiliation:
School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Klaus Mühlhahn
Affiliation:
Freie Universität Berlin
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Summary

After laying out the substantial challenges faced by the young People’s Republic of China in 1949, this chapter focuses on the particular ways in which revolutionary policies were implemented: by an ever shifting mix of bureaucratic and campaign modalities that were supported by a range of public performances. Bureaucracy was characterized by hierarchy, order, precedent, the strengthening of formal state institutions and a mania for classification, thus radically simplifying complex realities through a process of disaggregation; campaigns mobilized moral commitments through a different type of radical simplification – fusion into morally charged narratives and popular mobilization. Both modalities were in evidence in the two signature campaigns of 1951: the Campaign to Suppress Counterrevolutionaries and land reform. While, in the early 1950s, bureaucratic and campaign modalities were co-constitutive, after the mid 1950s, they were more often in stark tension with each other.

Type
Chapter
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Revolutionary Transformations
The People's Republic of China in the 1950s
, pp. 127 - 152
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2023

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