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Chapter 9 - The potential for abuse of stimulants in chronically sleep-restricted populations

from Section 2 - Stimulant Reversal of Cognitive Deficits

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 September 2012

By
Emma Childs  and
Harriet de Wit
Edited by
Nancy J. Wesensten
Nancy J. Wesensten
Affiliation:
Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland
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Summary

This chapter reviews the relative abuse liability of the various stimulant medications used to treat impairments associated with chronic sleep deprivation and how the drugs' potential for abuse impacts their medical usefulness. The abuse liability of a drug is an important consideration during the drug development process, when estimating risk: benefit ratios for approving drugs, and ultimately in the prescription and utilization of a drug by physicians and patients. The physicochemical properties of a drug determine how it may be administered and its pharmacokinetic profile. The mesolimbic dopamine system has been identified as a key pathway involved in mediating the properties of drugs that are responsible for their addictive nature. The behavioral effects of drugs evaluated in abuse liability studies include reinforcing effects and discriminative stimulus effects. Amphetamine is readily self-administered and discriminated by animals, and often used as a positive control drug in studies of abuse liability.

Keywords

ascending reticular activating systemelectrophysiological dataneuromodulator systemswakefulnesssleeporexinergic activityrapid eye movement
Type
Chapter
Information
Sleep Deprivation, Stimulant Medications, and Cognition , pp. 122 - 135
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2012

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