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5 - Tensile Testing

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 May 2021

T. W. Clyne  and
J. E. Campbell
T. W. Clyne
Affiliation:
University of Cambridge
J. E. Campbell
Affiliation:
Plastometrex, Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge
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Summary

The uniaxial tensile test is the most commonly used mechanical testing procedure, and indeed it is in very widespread use. However, while it is simple in principle, there are several practical challenges, as well as a number of points to be noted when examining outcomes. For example, there is the issue of converting between nominal (“engineering”) and true values of the stress and strain. While many stress–strain curves are presented, and often interpreted, only as nominal data, it is the true relationship that accurately reflects the mechanical response of the sample. Furthermore, conversion between nominal and true values is straightforward only while the stress and strain fields within the gauge length of the sample are uniform. This uniformity is lost as soon as the sample starts to deform in an inhomogeneous way within the gauge length, which most commonly takes the form of “necking.” After the onset of necking, which may be quite difficult to detect and could occur at an early stage, useful interpretation of the stress–strain curve becomes difficult. However, FEM modeling does allow various insights into the behavior in this regime, with potential for revealing information (about the fracture event) that is otherwise inaccessible. There are also several important points relating to the way that the strain is measured during a test.

Keywords

Tensile testingtrue and nominal stresses and strains: UTSductilityneckingConsidère’s constructionfracture strain.
Type
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Information
Testing of the Plastic Deformation of Metals , pp. 81 - 106
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

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  • Tensile Testing
  • T. W. Clyne, University of Cambridge, J. E. Campbell
  • Book: Testing of the Plastic Deformation of Metals
  • Online publication: 24 May 2021
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108943369.006
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  • Tensile Testing
  • T. W. Clyne, University of Cambridge, J. E. Campbell
  • Book: Testing of the Plastic Deformation of Metals
  • Online publication: 24 May 2021
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108943369.006
Available formats
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To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Tensile Testing
  • T. W. Clyne, University of Cambridge, J. E. Campbell
  • Book: Testing of the Plastic Deformation of Metals
  • Online publication: 24 May 2021
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108943369.006
Available formats
×