Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-745bb68f8f-d8cs5 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-01-31T13:04:18.290Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

9 - Applications

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 April 2021

Edited by
Norman J. Wagner  and
Jan Mewis
Norman J. Wagner
Affiliation:
University of Delaware
Jan Mewis
Affiliation:
KU Leuven, Belgium
Get access

Summary

Some industrial products and processes involving colloid rheology are presented within the framework of this book. Paint rheology is presented and analyzed, where effects such as coating defects are avoided by ensuring the right rheology at each stage. Coating formulation is discussed, in particular for waterborne coatings. Carbon black suspensions are also widely used. Their microstructure is considered at different length scales. The resulting rheology includes time effects such as thixotropy. Measurement problems are reviewed as well as their electrical and dielectric behavior. For bitumen and asphalts, thermorheological behavior and aging are important and are controlled by their specific microstructure. A colloidal approach can also be used here. The rheology is discussed on the basis of the Roscoe model. For cement and cement-based products the rheology during shaping and hardening is linked to the underlying physical processes and interactions in the cement. Thixotropy and yield stress are relevant factors here. In the final part large scale processes are tackled. These often involve mixtures of large and small particles. Practical measurements such as the vane and the slump test are discussed, as well as the prediction of suspension behavior in industrial equipment. The compression behavior can be relevant here, including the compressive yield stress.

Keywords

rheologycolloidsapplicationspaintscarbon blackasphaltcementprocessingreview
Type
Chapter
Information
Theory and Applications of Colloidal Suspension Rheology , pp. 352 - 406
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Mewis, J, Wagner, NJ. Colloidal Suspension Rheology. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press; 2012. 393 p.Google Scholar
Keddie, JL, Routh, AF. Fundamentals of Latex Film Formation: Processes and Properties. Dordrecht: Springer; 2010. 308 p.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Patton, TC. Paint Flow and Pigment Dispersion: A Rheological Approach to Coating and Ink Technology. 2nd ed. New York: John Wiley and Sons; 1979.Google Scholar
Orchard, SE. On surface leveling in viscous liquids and gels. Applied Scientific Research A. 1963;11(4):451–464.Google Scholar
Overdiep, WS. The effect of a reduced solvent content of solvent-bourne solution paints on film formation Progress in Organic Coatings. 1986;14(1):1–21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Overdiep, WS. The leveling of paints. Progress in Organic Coatings. 1986;14(2):159–175.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilson, SK. The leveling of paint films. IMA Journal of Applied Mathematics. 1993;50(2):149–166.Google Scholar
Howison, SD, Moriarty, JA, Ockendon, JR, Terrill, EL, Wilson, SK. A mathematical model for drying paint layers. Journal of Engineering Mathematics. 1997;32(4):377–394.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Evans, PL, Schwartz, LW, Roy, RV. A mathematical model for crater defect formation in a drying paint layer. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. 2000;227(1):191–205.Google Scholar
Eales, AD, Dartnell, N, Goddard, S, Routh, AF. Thin, binary liquid droplets, containing polymer: An investigation of the parameters controlling film shape. Journal of Fluid Mechanics. 2016;794:200–232.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lade, RK, Song, JO, Musliner, AD, Williams, BA, Kumar, S, Macosko, CW, et al. Sag in drying coatings: Prediction and real time measurement with particle tracking. Progress in Organic Coatings. 2015;86:49–58.Google Scholar
Bhavsar, R, Shreepathi, S. Evolving empirical rheological limits to predict flow-levelling and sag resistance of waterborne architectural paints. Progress in Organic Coatings. 2016;101:15–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wu, S. Rheology of high solid coatings. 1. Analysis of sagging and slumping. Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 1978;22(10):2769–2782.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wu, S. Rheology of high solid coatings. 2. Analysis of combined sagging and leveling. Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 1978;22(10):2783–2791.Google Scholar
Bosma, M, Brinkhuis, R, Coopmans, J, Reuvers, B. The role of sag control agents in optimizing the sag/leveling balance and a new powerful tool to study this. Progress in Organic Coatings. 2006;55(2):97–104.Google Scholar
Deegan, RD, Bakajin, O, Dupont, TF, Huber, G, Nagel, SR, Witten, TA. Capillary flow as the cause of ring stains from dried liquid drops. Nature. 1997;389(6653):827–829.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Routh, AF, Russel, WB. Horizontal drying fronts during solvent evaporation from latex films. AIChE Journal. 1998;44(9):2088–2098.Google Scholar
Salamanca, JM, Ciampi, E, Faux, DA, Glover, PM, McDonald, PJ, Routh, AF, et al. Lateral drying in thick films of waterborne colloidal particles. Langmuir. 2001;17(11):3202–3207.Google Scholar
Schoff, CK. Surface defects: Diagnosis and cure. Journal of Coatings Technology. 1999;71(888):56–73.Google Scholar
Pearson, JRA. On convection cells induced by surface tension. Journal of Fluid Mechanics. 1958;4(5):489–500.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bader, HF. How to stop pin holes in exam gloves. Rubber Asia. 1996;Sept–Oct:85.Google Scholar
Groves, R, Routh, AF. Film deposition and consolidation during thin glove coagulant dipping. Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics. 2017;55(22):1633–1648.Google Scholar
Deka, A, Dey, N. Rheological studies of two component high build epoxy and polyurethane based high performance coatings. Journal of Coatings Technology Research. 2013;10(3):305–315.Google Scholar
Fernando, RH, Xing, LL, Glass, JE. Rheology parameters controlling spray atomization and roll misting behavior of waterborne coatings. Progress in Organic Coatings. 2000;40(1–4):35–38.Google Scholar
Chassenieux, C, Nicolai, T, Benyahia, L. Rheology of associative polymer solutions. Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science. 2011;16(1):18–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Suzuki, S, Uneyama, T, Inoue, T, Watanabe, H. Nonlinear rheology of telechelic associative polymer networks: Shear thickening and thinning behavior of hydrophobically modified ethoxylated urethane (HEUR) in aqueous solution. Macromolecules. 2012;45(2):888–898.Google Scholar
Ianniruberto, G, Marrucci, G. New interpretation of shear thickening in telechelic associating polymers. Macromolecules. 2015;48(15):5439–5449.Google Scholar
Annable, T, Buscall, R, Ettelaie, R, Shepherd, P, Whittlestone, D. Influence of surfactants on the rheology of associating polymers in solution. Langmuir. 1994;10(4):1060–1070.Google Scholar
Kostansek, E. Using dispersion/flocculation phase diagrams to visualize interactions of associative polymers, latexes, and surfactants. Journal of Coatings Technology. 2003;75(940):27–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beshah, K, Izmitli, A, Van Dyk, AK, Rabasco, JJ, Bohling, J, Fitzwater, SJ. Diffusion-weighted PFGNMR study of molecular level interactions of loops and direct bridges of HEURs on latex particles. Macromolecules. 2013;46(6):2216–2227.Google Scholar
Chatterjee, T, Nakatani, AI, Van Dyk, AK. Shear-dependent interactions in hydrophobically modified ethylene oxide urethane (HEUR) based rheology modifier-latex suspensions: Part 1. Molecular Microstructure. Macromolecules. 2014;47(3):1155–1174.Google Scholar
Van Dyk, AK, Chatterjee, T, Ginzburg, VV, Nakatani, AI. Shear-dependent interactions in hydrophobically modified ethylene oxide urethane (HEUR) based coatings: Mesoscale structure and viscosity. Macromolecules. 2015;48(6):1866–1882.Google Scholar
Huldén, M. Hydrophobically modified urethane–ethoxylate (HEUR) associative thickeners 2. Interaction with latex. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects. 1994;88(2):207–221.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
van der Waarden, M. Stabilization of carbon black dispersions in hydrocarbons. Journal of Colloid Science. 1950;5(3):317–325.Google Scholar
Hartley, PA, Parfitt, GD. Dispersion of powders in liquids 1. Contributions of the van der Waals force to the cohesiveness of carbon black powders. Langmuir. 1985;1(6):651–657.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dagastine, RR, Prieve, DC, White, LR. Calculations of van der Waals forces in 2-dimensionally anisotropic materials and its application to carbon black. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. 2002;249(1):78–83.Google Scholar
Hartley, PA, Parfitt, GD, Pollack, LB. The role of the van der Waals force in the agglomeration of powders containing submicron particles. Powder Technology. 1985;42(1):35–46.Google Scholar
Spahr, ME, Gilardi, R, Bonacchi, D. Carbon black for electrically conductive polymer applications. In Palsule, S. (ed.) Encyclopedia of Polymers and Composites. Berlin: Springer; 2013. pp. 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37179-0_32-1.Google Scholar
Hatzell, KB, Beidaghi, M, Campos, JW, Dennison, CR, Kumbur, EC, Gogotsi, Y. A high performance pseudocapacitive suspension electrode for the electrochemical flow capacitor. Electrochimica Acta. 2013;111:888–897.Google Scholar
Duduta, M, Ho, B, Wood, VC, Limthongkul, P, Brunini, VE, Carter, WC, et al. Semi-solid lithium rechargeable flow battery. Advanced Energy Materials. 2011;1(4):511–516.Google Scholar
Choo, KY, Yoo, CY, Han, MH, Kim, DK. Electrochemical analysis of slurry electrodes for flow-electrode capacitive deionization. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry. 2017;806:50–60.Google Scholar
Kroy, K, Cates, ME, Poon, WCK. Cluster mode–coupling approach to weak gelation in attractive colloids. Physical Review Letters. 2004;92(14):148302.Google Scholar
Eggersdorfer, ML, Kadau, D, Herrmann, HJ, Pratsinis, SE. Fragmentation and restructuring of soft-agglomerates under shear. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. 2010;342(2):261–268.Google Scholar
Helal, A, Divoux, T, McKinley, GH. Simultaneous rheoelectric measurements of strongly conductive complex fluids. Physical Review Applied. 2016;6(6):064004.Google Scholar
Jamali, S, McKinley, GH, Armstrong, RC. Microstructural rearrangements and their rheological implications in a model thixotropic elastoviscoplastic fluid. Physical Review Letters. 2017;118(4):048003.Google Scholar
Collins, IR, Taylor, SE. The microstructural properties of coagulated dispersions of carbon black. Journal of Colloids and Interfacial Science. 1993;155(2):471–481.Google Scholar
Osuji, CO, Kim, C, Weitz, DA. Shear thickening and scaling of the elastic modulus in a fractal colloidal system with attractive interactions. Physical Review E: Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics. 2008;77(6 Pt 1):060402.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dullaert, K, Mewis, J. A structural kinetics model for thixotropy. Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics. 2006;139(1–2):21–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ovarlez, G, Tocquer, L, Bertrand, F, Coussot, P. Rheopexy and tunable yield stress of carbon black suspensions. Soft Matter. 2013;9(23):5540–5549.Google Scholar
Wei, Y, Solomon, MJ, Larson, RG. Quantitative nonlinear thixotropic model with stretched exponential response in transient shear flows. Journal of Rheology. 2016;60(6):1301–1315.Google Scholar
Mwasame, PM, Beris, AM, Diemer, RB, Wagner, NJ. A constitutive equation for thixotropic suspensions with yield stress by coarse-graining a population balance model. AIChE Journal. 2017;63(2):517–531.Google Scholar
Colombo, G, Kim, S, Schweizer, T, Schroyen, B, Clasen, C, Mewis, J, et al. Superposition rheology and anisotropy in rheological properties of sheared colloidal gels. Journal of Rheology. 2017;61(5):1035–1048.Google Scholar
Grenard, V, Taberlet, N, Manneville, S. Shear-induced structuration of confined carbon black gels: steady-state features of vorticity-aligned flocs. Soft Matter. 2011;7(8):3920–3928.Google Scholar
Varga, Z, Swan, JW. Large scale anisotropies in sheared colloidal gels. Journal of Rheology. 2018;62(2):405–418.Google Scholar
Wagner, NJ, Brady, JF. Shear thickening in colloidal dispersions. Physics Today. 2009;62(10):27–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zaccone, A, Gentili, D, Wu, H, Morbidelli, M, Del Gado, E. Shear-driven solidification of dilute colloidal suspensions. Physical Review Letters. 2011;106(13):138301.Google Scholar
Brown, E, Forman, NA, Orellana, CS, Zhang, H, Maynor, BW, Betts, DE, et al. Generality of shear thickening in dense suspensions. Nature Materials. 2010;9(3):220–224.Google Scholar
Harshe, YM, Lattuada, M. Breakage rate of colloidal aggregates in shear flow through stokesian dynamics. Langmuir. 2012;28(1):283–292.Google Scholar
Narayanan, A, Mugele, F, Duits, MHG. Mechanical history dependence in carbon black suspensions for flow batteries: A rheo-impedance study. Langmuir. 2017;33(7):1629–1638.Google Scholar
Negita, K, Misono, Y, Yamaguchi, T, Shinagawa, J. Dielectric and electrical properties of electrorheological carbon suspensions. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. 2008;321(2):452–458.Google Scholar
Richards, JJ, Hipp, JB, Riley, JK, Wagner, NJ, Butler, PD. Clustering and percolation in suspensions of carbon black. Langmuir. 2017;33(43):12260–12266.Google Scholar
Petek, TJ, Hoyt, NC, Savinell, RF, Wainright, JS. Characterizing slurry electrodes using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 2016;163(1):A5001–A5009.Google Scholar
Mewis, J, de Groot, LM, Helsen, JA. Dielectric behavior of flowing thixotropic suspensions. Colloids and Surfaces. 1987;22(2–4):271–289.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dissado, LA, Hill, RM. Anomalous low-frequency dispersion. Near direct current conductivity in disordered low-dimensional materials. Journal of Chemistry Society, Faraday Transactions. 1984;2(80):291–319.Google Scholar
Niklasson, GA. Comparison of dielectric response functions for conducting materials. Journal of Applied Physics. 1989;66(9):4350–4359.Google Scholar
Hipp, JB, Richards, JJ, Wagner, NJ. Structure-property relationships of sheared carbon black suspensions determined by simultaneous rheological and neutron scattering measurements. Journal of Rheology. 2019;63(3):423–436.Google Scholar
Abraham, H. Asphalts and Allied Substances: Their Occurrence, Modes of Production, Uses in the Arts, and Methods of Testing, 6th ed. Princeton, NJ: Van Nostrand; 1960.Google Scholar
Lesueur, D. The colloidal structure of bitumen: Consequences on the rheology and on the mechanisms of bitumen modification. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science. 2009;145(1):42–82.Google Scholar
Jones IV, DR. SHRP Materials Reference Library: Asphalt Cements: A Concise Data Compilation. Washington, DC: Strategic Highway Research Program, National Research Council, Washington, DC; 1993.Google Scholar
Redelius, PG. The structure of asphaltenes in bitumen. Road Materials and Pavement Design. 2006;7(sup1):143–162.Google Scholar
Storm, DA, Sheu, EY, DeTar, MM. Macrostructure of asphaltenes in vacuum residue by small-angle X-ray scattering. Fuel. 1993;72(7):977–981.Google Scholar
Adedeji, A, Grünfelder, T, Bates, FS, Macosko, CW, Stroup-Gardiner, M, Newcomb, DE. Asphalt modified by SBS triblock copolymer: Structures and properties. Polymer Engineering & Science. 1996;36(12):1707–1723.Google Scholar
Pauli, AT, Grimes, RW, Beemer, AG, Turner, TF, Branthaver, JF. Morphology of asphalts, asphalt fractions and model wax-doped asphalts studied by atomic force microscopy. International Journal of Pavement Engineering. 2011;12(4):291–309.Google Scholar
González, E, Costa, LMB, Silva, HMRD, Hilliou, L. Rheological characterization of EVA and HDPE polymer modified bitumens under large deformation at 20°C. Construction and Building Materials. 2016;112:756–764.Google Scholar
Tattersall, GH, Banfill, PFG. The Rheology of Fresh Concrete. Boston, MA: Pitman Advanced Pub. Program; 1983. xii, 356 p.Google Scholar
de Larrard, F. Concrete Mixture Proportioning: A Scientific Approach. London: E & FN Spon, an imprint of Rotledge; 1999. xvii, 421 p.Google Scholar
Roussel, N. Rheology of fresh concrete: From measurements to predictions of casting processes. Materials and Structures. 2007;40(10):1001–1012.Google Scholar
Hu, C, de Larrard, F. The rheology of fresh high-performance concrete. Cement and Concrete Research. 1996;26(2):283–294.Google Scholar
Banfill, PFG, Saunders, DC. On the viscometric examination of cement pastes. Cement and Concrete Research. 1981;11(3):363–370.Google Scholar
Roussel, N. Steady and transient flow behaviour of fresh cement pastes. Cement and Concrete Research. 2005;35(9):1656–1664.Google Scholar
Tattersall, GH, Bloomer, SJ. Further development of the two-point test for workability and extension of its range. Magazine of Concrete Research. 1979;31(109):202–210.Google Scholar
Hu, C, de Larrard, F, Sedran, T, Boulay, C, Bosc, F, Deflorenne, F. Validation of BTRHEOM, the new rheometer for soft-to-fluid concrete. Materials and Structures. 1996;29(194):620–631.Google Scholar
Ferraris, CF, Brower, LE. Comparison of concrete rheometers: International tests at LCPC (Nantes, France) in October 2000. National Institute of Standards and Technology Interagency Report (NISTIR) 6819; 2001.Google Scholar
Ferraris, CF, Brower, LE. Comparison of concrete rheometers: International tests at MB (Cleveland OH, USA) in May 2003. National Institute of Standards and Technology Interagency Report (NISTIR) 7154; 2004.Google Scholar
Schowalter, WR, Christensen, G. Toward a rationalization of the slump test for fresh concrete: Comparisons of calculations and experiments. Journal of Rheology. 1998;42(4):865–870.Google Scholar
Roussel, N, Coussot, P. “Fifty-cent rheometer” for yield stress measurements: From slump to spreading flow. Journal of Rheology. 2005;49(3):705–718.Google Scholar
Roussel, N, Stefani, C, Leroy, R. From mini-cone test to Abrams cone test: Measurement of cement-based materials yield stress using slump tests. Cement and Concrete Research. 2005;35(5):817–822.Google Scholar
Roussel, N. A thixotropy model for fresh fluid concretes: Theory, validation and applications. Cement and Concrete Research. 2006;36(10):1797–1806.Google Scholar
Ovarlez, G, Roussel, N. A physical model for the prediction of lateral stress exerted by self-compacting concrete on formwork. Materials and Structures. 2006;39(2):269–279.Google Scholar
Roussel, N, Cussigh, F. Distinct-layer casting of SCC: The mechanical consequences of thixotropy. Cement and Concrete Research. 2008;38(5):624–632.Google Scholar
Yammine, J, Chaouche, M, Guerinet, M, Moranville, M, Roussel, N. From ordinary rhelogy concrete to self compacting concrete: A transition between frictional and hydrodynamic interactions. Cement and Concrete Research. 2008;38(7):890–896.Google Scholar
Dong, KJ, Yang, RY, Zou, RP, Yu, AB. Role of interparticle forces in the formation of random loose packing. Physical Review Letters. 2006;96(14):145505.Google Scholar
Roussel, N, Lemaitre, A, Flatt, RJ, Coussot, P. Steady state flow of cement suspensions: A micromechanical state of the art. Cement and Concrete Research. 2010;40(1):77–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Perrot, A, Lecompte, T, Khelifi, H, Brumaud, C, Hot, J, Roussel, N. Yield stress and bleeding of fresh cement pastes. Cement and Concrete Research. 2012;42(7):937–944.Google Scholar
Flatt, RJ. Towards a prediction of superplasticized concrete rheology. Materials and Structures. 2004;37(269):289–300.Google Scholar
Ovarlez, G, Bertrand, F, Rodts, S. Local determination of the constitutive law of a dense suspension of noncolloidal particles through magnetic resonance imaging. Journal of Rheology. 2006;50(3):259–292.Google Scholar
Hot, J, Bessaies-Bey, H, Brumaud, C, Duc, M, Castella, C, Roussel, N. Adsorbing polymers and viscosity of cement pastes. Cement and Concrete Research. 2014;63:12–19.Google Scholar
Roussel, N, Ovarlez, G, Garrault, S, Brumaud, C. The origins of thixotropy of fresh cement pastes. Cement and Concrete Research. 2012;42(1):148–157.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brumaud, C, Baumann, R, Schmitz, M, Radler, M, Roussel, N. Cellulose ethers and yield stress of cement pastes. Cement and Concrete Research. 2014;55:14–21.Google Scholar
Bessaies-Bey, H, Baumann, R, Schmitz, M, Radler, M, Roussel, N. Effect of polyacrylamide on rheology of fresh cement pastes. Cement and Concrete Research. 2015;76:98–106.Google Scholar
Flatt, RJ, Bowen, P. Electrostatic repulsion between particles in cement suspensions: Domain of validity of linearized Poisson-Boltzmann equation for nonideal electrolytes. Cement and Concrete Research. 2003;33(6):781–791.Google Scholar
Flatt, RJ, Schober, I, Raphael, E, Plassard, C, Lesniewska, E. Conformation of adsorbed comb copolymer dispersants. Langmuir. 2009;25(2):845–855.Google Scholar
Marliere, C, Mabrouk, E, Lamblet, M, Coussot, P. How water retention in porous media with cellulose ethers works. Cement and Concrete Research. 2012;42(11):1501–1512.Google Scholar
Bülichen, D, Kainz, J, Plank, J. Working mechanism of methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (MHEC) as water retention agent. Cement and Concrete Research. 2012;42(7):953–959.Google Scholar
Brumaud, C, Bessaies-Bey, H, Mohler, C, Baumann, R, Schmitz, M, Radler, M, et al. Cellulose ethers and water retention. Cement and Concrete Research. 2013;53:176–184.Google Scholar
Brumaud, C. Origines microscopiques des conséquences rhéologiques de l’ajout d’éthers de cellulose dans une suspension cimentaire (in French) [PhD]. Paris: East Paris University; 2011.Google Scholar
Soppe, W. Computer simulation of random packings of hard spheres. Powder Technology. 1990;62(2):189–196.Google Scholar
Dirksen, JA, Ring, TA. Fundamentals of crystallization: Kinetic effects on particle size distributions and morphology. Chemical Engineering Science. 1991;46(10):2389–2427.Google Scholar
Franks, GV, Zhou, Y. Relationship between aggregate and sediment bed properties: Influence of inter-particle adhesion. Advanced Powder Technology. 2010;21(4):362–373.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Skinner, SJ, Studer, LJ, Dixon, DR, et al. Quantification of wastewater sludge dewatering. Water Research. 2015;82:2–13.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Leong, YK, Scales, PJ, Healy, TW, Boger, DV. Effect of particle size on colloidal zirconia rheology at the iso-electric point. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 1995;78(8):2209–2212.Google Scholar
Scales, PJ, Johnson, SB, Healy, TW, Kapur, PC. Shear yield stress of partially flocculated colloidal suspensions. AIChE Journal. 1998;44(3):538–544.Google Scholar
Franks, GV, Johnson, SB, Scales, PJ, Boger, DV, Healy, TW. Ion-specific strength of attractive particle networks. Langmuir. 1999;15(13):4411–4420.Google Scholar
Johnson, SB, Franks, GV, Scales, PJ, Boger, DV, Healy, TW. Surface chemistry-rheology relationships in concentrated mineral suspensions. International Journal of Mineral Processing. 2000;58(1–4):267–304.Google Scholar
Zhou, ZW, Scales, PJ, Boger, DV. Chemical and physical control of the rheology of concentrated metal oxide suspensions. Chemical Engineering Science. 2001;56(9):2901–2920.Google Scholar
Kapur, PC, Scales, PJ, Boger, DV, Healy, TW. Yield stress of suspensions loaded with size distributed particles. AIChE Journal. 1997;43(5):1171–1179.Google Scholar
Nguyen, QD, Boger, DV. Yield stress measurement for concentrated suspensions. Journal of Rheology. 1983;27(4):321–349.Google Scholar
Nguyen, QD, Boger, DV. Direct yield stress measurement with the vane technique. Journal of Rheology. 1985;29(3):335–347.Google Scholar
Uhlherr, PHT, Guo, J, Tiu, C, Zhang, XM, Zhou, JZQ, Fang, TN. The shear-induced solid–liquid transition in yield stress materials with chemically different structures. Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics. 2005;125(2–3):101–119.Google Scholar
Pham, K, Petekidis, G, Vlassopoulos, D, Egelhaaf, S, Poon, W, Pusey, P. Yielding behavior of repulsion-and attraction-dominated colloidal glasses. Journal of Rheology. 2008;52(2):649–676.Google Scholar
Buscall, R, Scales, PJ, Stickland, AD, Teo, H-E, Lester, DR. Dynamic and rate-dependent yielding in model cohesive suspensions. Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics. 2015;221:40–54.Google Scholar
Pashias, N, Boger, DV, Summers, J, Glenister, DJ. A fifty cent rheometer for yield stress measurement. Journal of Rheology. 1996;40(6):1179–1189.Google Scholar
Clayton, SA, Grice, TG, Boger, DV. Analysis of the slump test for on-site yield stress measurement of mineral suspensions. International Journal of Mineral Processing. 2003;70(1–4):3–21.Google Scholar
Pullum, L, Graham, L, Rudman, M, Hamilton, R. High concentration suspension pumping. Minerals Engineering. 2006;19(5):471–477.Google Scholar
Guang, R, Rudman, M, Chryss, A, Slatter, P, Bhattacharya, S. A DNS investigation of the effect of yield stress for turbulent non-Newtonian suspension flow in open channels. Particulate Science and Technology. 2011;29(3):209–228.Google Scholar
Rudman, M, Simic, K, Paterson, DA, Strode, P, Brent, A, Sutalo, ID. Raking in gravity thickeners. International Journal of Mineral Processing. 2008;86(1–4):114–130.Google Scholar
Sofra, F, Boger, DV. Exploiting the rheology of mine tailings for dry disposal. Proceedings of the 2000 International Conference on Tailings and Mine Waste, Fort Collins, Colorado; 2000; pp. 169–180.Google Scholar
Sofra, F, Boger, DV. Environmental rheology for waste minimisation in the minerals industry. Chemical Engineering Journal. 2002;86(3):319–330.Google Scholar
Rico, M, Benito, G, Salgueiro, AR, Díez-Herrero, A, Pereira, HG. Reported tailings dam failures. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2008;152(2):846–852.Google Scholar
Graham, LJW, Pullum, L. An investigation of complex hybrid suspension flows by magnetic resonance imaging. The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering. 2002;80(2):200–207.Google Scholar
Wasp, EJ, Kenny, JP, Gandhi, RL. Solid–Liquid Flow: Slurry Pipeline Transportation. Clausthal: Trans Tech Publications; 1977.Google Scholar
Metzner, AB, Reed, JC. Flow of non-Newtonian fluids – Correlation of the laminar, transition, and turbulent-flow regions. AIChE Journal. 1955;1(4):434–440.Google Scholar
Founargiotakis, K, Kelessidis, VC, Maglione, R. Laminar, transitional and turbulent flow of Herschel–Bulkley fluids in concentric annulus. The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering. 2008;86(4):676–683.Google Scholar
Slatter, PT, Haldenwang, R, Chhabra, RP (eds.). The laminar/turbulent transition for paste sheet flow. Paste 2011 – 14th International Seminar on Paste and Thickened Tailings; Perth, Australia; April 5–7, 2011.Google Scholar
Smith, LD, Rudman, M, Lester, DR, Metcalfe, G. Mixing of discontinuously deforming media. Chaos. 2016;26(2):023113.Google Scholar
von Mises, R. Mechanics of the ductile form changes of crystals. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik. 1928;8(3):161–185.Google Scholar
Wang, Y, Koynov, S, Glasser, BJ, Muzzio, FJ. A method to analyze shear cell data of powders measured under different initial consolidation stresses. Powder Technology. 2016;294:105–112.Google Scholar
Buscall, R, White, LR. The consolidation of concentrated suspensions. Part 1. The theory of sedimentation. Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions 1: Physical Chemistry in Condensed Phases. 1987;83(3):873–891.Google Scholar
Channell, GM, Zukoski, CF. Shear and compressive rheology of aggregated alumina suspensions. AIChE Journal. 1997;43(7):1700.Google Scholar
Landman, KA, White, LR. Solid/liquid separation of flocculated suspensions. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science. 1994;51:175–246.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Usher, SP, Scales, PJ. Steady state thickener modelling from the compressive yield stress and hindered settling function. Chemical Engineering Journal. 2005;111(2–3):253–261.Google Scholar
Usher, SP, Spehar, R, Scales, PJ. Theoretical analysis of aggregate densification; impact on thickener performance. Chemical Engineering Journal. 2009;151(1–3):202–208.Google Scholar
Betancourt, F, Burger, R, Diehl, S, Mejias, C. Advanced methods of flux identification for clarifier-thickener simulation models. Minerals Engineering. 2014;63:2–15.Google Scholar
Lester, DR, Usher, SP, Scales, PJ. Estimation of the hindered settling function R(phi) from batch-settling tests. AIChE Journal. 2005;51(4):1158–1168.Google Scholar
Burger, R, Wedland, WL, Concha, F. Model equations for gravitational sedimentation-consolidation processes. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik. 2000;80:79–92.Google Scholar
Burger, R, Evje, S, Karlsen, KH, Lie, K-A. Numerical methods for the simulation of the settling of flocculated suspensions. Chemical Engineering Journal. 2000;80(1–3):91–104.Google Scholar
Stickland, AD, de Kretser, RG, Usher, SP, Hillis, P, Tillotson, MR, Scales, PJ. Numerical modelling of fixed-cavity plate-and-frame filtration: Formulation, validation and optimisation. Chemical Engineering Science. 2006;61(12):3818–3829.Google Scholar
Stickland, AD, de Kretser, RG, Kilcullen, AR, Scales, PJ, Hillis, P, Tillotson, MR. Numerical modeling of flexible-membrane plate-and-frame filtration. AIChE Journal. 2008;54(2):464–474.Google Scholar
Bürger, R, Concha, F, Karlsen, KH. Phenomenological model of filtration processes: 1. Cake formation and expression. Chemical Engineering Science. 2001;56(15):4537–4553.Google Scholar
Green, MD, Landman, KA, De Kretser, R, Boger, DV. Pressure filtration technique for complete characterisation of consolidating suspensions. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. 1998;37(10):4152–4156.Google Scholar
de Kretser, RG, Usher, SP, Scales, PJ, Boger, DV, Landman, KA. Rapid filtration measurement of dewatering design and optimization parameters. AIChE Journal. 2001;47(8):1758–1769.Google Scholar
Usher, SP, de Kretser, RG, Scales, PJ. Validation of a new filtration technique for dewaterability characterization. AIChE Journal. 2001;47(7):1561–1570.Google Scholar
Usher, SP, Studer, LJ, Wall, RC, Scales, PJ. Characterisation of dewaterability from equilibrium and transient centrifugation test data. Chemical Engineering Science. 2013;93:277–291.Google Scholar
Stickland, AD, de Kretser, RG, Scales, PJ. Nontraditional constant pressure filtration behavior. AIChE Journal. 2005;51(9):2481–2488.Google Scholar
Tarleton, ES, Wakeman, RJ. Solid/Liquid Separation: Equipment Selection and Process Design. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann; 2007.Google Scholar
de Kretser, RG, Saha, H, Biscombe, C, Scales, PJ. Plate and frame pressure filtration optimisation using plant load cell data: Advantages, challenges and outcomes. Filtration. 2010;10(2):130–135.Google Scholar
Farrow, J, Fawell, P, Johnston, R, Nguyen, T, Rudman, M, Simic, K, et al. Recent developments in techniques and methodologies for improving thickener performance. Chemical Engineering Journal. 2000;80(1–3):149–155.Google Scholar
Gladman, B, de Kretser, RG, Rudman, M, Scales, PJ. Effect of shear on particulate suspension dewatering. Chemical Engineering Research & Design. 2005;83(A7):933–936.Google Scholar
van Deventer, BBG, Usher, SP, Kumar, A, Rudman, M, Scales, PJ. Aggregate densification and batch settling. Chemical Engineering Journal. 2011;171(1):141–151.Google Scholar
Grassia, P, Zhang, Y, Martin, AD, Usher, SP, Scales, PJ, Crust, A, Spehar, R. Effects of aggregate densification upon thickening of Kynchian suspensions. Chemical Engineering Science. 2014;111:56–72.Google Scholar
Spehar, R, Kiviti-Manor, A, Fawell, P, Usher, SP, Rudman, M, Scales, PJ. Aggregate densification in the thickening of flocculated suspensions in an un-networked bed. Chemical Engineering Science. 2015;122:585–595.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fawell, PD, Farrow, JB, Heath, AR, Nguyen, TV, Owen, AT, Paterson, D, et al. 20 years of AMIRA P266 “Improving Thickener Technology” – How has it changed the understanding of thickener performance? In: Jewell, R, Fourie, AB, Barrera, S, Wiertz, J. (eds.) Proceedings of the 12th International Seminar on Paste and Thickened Tailings. Perth: Australian Centre for Geomechanics; 2009. pp. 59–68. https://doi.org/10.36487/ACG_repo/963_7.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure no-reply@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

  • Applications
  • Edited by Norman J. Wagner, University of Delaware, Jan Mewis
  • Book: Theory and Applications of Colloidal Suspension Rheology
  • Online publication: 07 April 2021
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108394826.010
Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

  • Applications
  • Edited by Norman J. Wagner, University of Delaware, Jan Mewis
  • Book: Theory and Applications of Colloidal Suspension Rheology
  • Online publication: 07 April 2021
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108394826.010
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Applications
  • Edited by Norman J. Wagner, University of Delaware, Jan Mewis
  • Book: Theory and Applications of Colloidal Suspension Rheology
  • Online publication: 07 April 2021
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108394826.010
Available formats
×