From Littérature voyageuse to Littérature-monde via Migrant Literatures: Towards an Ethics and Poetics of Littérature-monde through French-Australian Literature

Summary

French-Australian literature – does this category of writing really exist? If so, how, when, where and … why? These initial interrogations regarding the corpus for this study are unsurprising, given its unusual, even unexpected focus on a little known literary phenomenon that has, however, a longer history than one might expect – a history that is certainly too complex to outline in a prefatory note. As an indication of the significant corpus that does exist, however, French fictional writings on Australia pre-date European colonization and settlement of the Great South Land. They include Gabriel de Foigny's La Terre Australe connue (1676), Denis de Vairasse's Histoire des Sévarambes (1677), followed by Tyssot de Patot's Voyages et avantures de Jacques Massé (1710) and Rétif de la Bretonne's La Découverte australe par un homme volant (1784). The first published history of Australia, Histoire de la colonisation pénale et des établissements de l'Angleterre en Australie (1831) was written by a Frenchman, Ernest de Blosseville; the first play set in Australia, Les Emigrés aux terres australes (1792) was written by a Frenchman, Citizen Gamas; the first novel by a woman set in Australia, Les Voleurs d'or (1857) was written by a Frenchwoman, the Comtesse de Chabrillan.

The French have written about Australia from afar or from within the island-continent for centuries, and continue to do so in travel writing, novels and plays, but interestingly, to date, no French films have been set in or focus on Australia.