Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-mlc7c Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-12T20:32:45.818Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

40 - Fog deposition and chemistry in a sub-tropical montane cloud forest in Taiwan

from Part IV - Nutrient dynamics in tropical montane cloud forests

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 May 2011

By
S. C. Chang ,
C. F. Yeh ,
M. J. Wu ,
Y. T. Chen ,
Y. J. Hsia ,
C. P. Wang  and
J. T. Wu
Edited by
L. A. Bruijnzeel ,
F. N. Scatena  and
L. S. Hamilton
S. C. Chang
Affiliation:
National Dong Hwa University, Taiwan
C. F. Yeh
Affiliation:
National Dong Hwa University, Taiwan
M. J. Wu
Affiliation:
National Dong Hwa University, Taiwan
Y. T. Chen
Affiliation:
National Dong Hwa University, Taiwan
Y. J. Hsia
Affiliation:
National Dong Hwa University, Taiwan
C. P. Wang
Affiliation:
Taiwan Forestry Research Institute, Taiwan
J. T. Wu
Affiliation:
Academia Sinica, Taiwan
L. A. Bruijnzeel
Affiliation:
Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam
F. N. Scatena
Affiliation:
University of Pennsylvania
L. S. Hamilton
Affiliation:
Cornell University, New York
Get access

Summary

ABSTRACT

Annual fog deposition and atmospheric chemical deposition were evaluated for a strongly fog-affected coniferous forest at Chi-Lan, Taiwan. Fog capture efficiencies of Chamaecyparis obtusa var. formosana leaves were measured at three heights within the canopy using in situ exposure experiments under contrasting climatic conditions. The efficiencies obtained in this way were multiplied times leaf biomass to calculate stand-level fog deposition rates. Furthermore, a statistical model was developed, linking fog deposition rate to visibility. Using the latter model, annual fog deposition from March 2003 to February 2004 was calculated to be 297 mm, or ~9% of the total atmospheric water input. Fog contributions exhibited a highly seasonal pattern that depended mainly on the amount of precipitation. Due to the higher chemical concentrations of fog compared to precipitation, nutrient deposition via fog played a significant role. Inorganic nitrogen was absorbed by the canopy whereas potassium was leached. It is concluded that fog constitutes an important factor influencing the water and nutrient dynamics of the montane forest ecosystem under study.

INTRODUCTION

The concept of a “montane cloud forest belt” has been recognized in Taiwan for decades (Su, 1984). Although there were few meteorological records on cloud heights at the time, the elevational range of the cloud belt was inferred from temperature lapse rates as calculated from data of more than 150 weather stations (Su, 1984).

Type
Chapter
Information
Tropical Montane Cloud Forests
Science for Conservation and Management
 , pp. 378 - 386
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2011

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Asbury, C. E., McDowell, W. H., Trinidad-Pizarro, R., and Berrios, S. (1994). Solute deposition from cloud water to the canopy of a Puerto Rican montane forest. Atmospheric Environment 28: 1773–1780.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beiderwieden, E., Wolff, V., Hsia, Y. J., and Klemm, O. (2008). It goes both ways: measurements of simultaneous evapotranspiration and fog droplet deposition at a montane cloud forest. Hydrological Processes 22: 4181–4189.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chang, S. C., Lai, I. L., and Wu, J. T. (2002). Estimation of fog deposition on epiphytic bryophytes in a subtropical montane forest ecosystem in northeastern Taiwan. Atmospheric Research 64: 159–167.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cheng, J. D., Lin, L. L., and Lu, H. S. (2002). Influences of forests on water flows from headwater watersheds in Taiwan. Forest Ecology and Management 165: 11–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clark, K. L., Nadkarni, N. M., Schaefer, D., and Gholz, H. L. (1998). Cloud water and precipitation chemistry in a tropical montane forest, Monteverde, Costa Rica. Atmospheric Environment 32: 595–1603.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Demoz, B. B., Collett, J. L., and Daube, B. C. (1996). On the Caltech Active Strand Cloudwater Collectors. Atmospheric Research 41: 47–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hafkenscheid, R. L. L. J. (2000). Hydrology and biogeochemistry of tropical montane rain forests of contrasting stature in the Blue Mountains, Jamaica. Ph.D. thesis, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Also available at http://dare.ubvu.vu.nl/bitstream/1871/12734/1/tekst.pdf.Google Scholar
Klemm, O., Wrzesinsky, T., and Scheer, C. (2005). Fog water flux at a canopy top: direct measurement versus one-dimensional model. Atmospheric Environment 39: 5375–5386.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klemm, O., Chang, S. C., and Hsia, Y. J. (2006). Energy fluxes at a subtropical mountain cloud forest. Forest Ecology and Management 224: 5–10.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Langusch, J. J., Borken, W., Armbruster, M., Dise, N. B., and Matzner, E. (2003). Canopy leaching of cations in Central European forest ecosystems: a regional assessment. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 166: 168–174.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lin, N. H., and Peng, C. M. (1998). Chemistry of mountain clouds observed in the northern Taiwan. In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Fog and Fog Collection, eds. Schemenauer, R. S. and Bridgman, H. A., pp. 117–120. Ottawa, Canada: IDRC.Google Scholar
Lovett, G. M. (1984). Rates and mechanisms of cloud water deposition to a subalpine balsam fir forest. Atmospheric Environment 18: 361–371.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lovett, G. M. (1994). Atmospheric deposition of nutrients and pollutants in North America: an ecological perspective. Ecological Applications 4: 629–650.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Su, H. J. (1984). Studies on the climate and vegetation types of the natural forests in Taiwan. II. Altitudinal vegetation zones in relation to temperature gradient. Quarterly Journal of Chinese Forestry 17: 57–73.Google Scholar
Vong, R. J., and Kowalski, A. S. (1995). Eddy correlation measurements of size-dependent cloud droplet turbulent fluxes to complex terrain. Tellus Series B 47: 331–352.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zall, D. M., Fisher, D., and Garner, M. Q. (1956). Photometric determination of chlorides in water. Analytical Chemistry 28: 1665–1668.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×