16 - The importance of cloud forest sites in the conservation of endemic and threatened species of the Albertine Rift

Summary

ABSTRACT

The Albertine Rift extends from the northern tip of Lake Albert to the southern tip of Lake Tanganyika and encompasses the natural habitats within about 100 km of the border of the Democratic Republic of Congo on both sides. This region is the richest area for vertebrates in Africa, with more birds and mammals than any other region. Over 52% of Africa's birds have been recorded here and 39% of Africa's mammals. One hundred and twenty-five vertebrates are endemic to this region, including species such as the mountain gorilla and golden monkey. Information on total species richness and number of endemic and threatened species was compiled to prioritize sites within the Rift area for conservation. Six of the 40 sites in the Rift area that had species data are cloud forest sites: Rwenzori Massif, Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, Virunga Volcanoes, Nyungwe National Park, Kahuzi Biega National Park, and Itombwe Massif. The 40 sites were ranked both in terms of their total species richness and number of endemic and threatened species. All of the cloud forest sites ranked high in terms of endemic and threatened species. If only the cloud forests were to be conserved, some 94% of endemic mammals, 95% of endemic birds, 89% of endemic reptiles, and 69% of endemic amphibians would be protected. Each of these cloud forests is highly threatened by the high human population densities around them. The Itombwe Massif assumes the highest conservation priority at present as it is as yet unprotected.