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23 - Past plant use in Jordan as revealed by archaeological and ethnoarchaeological phytolith signatures

from Part V - Palaeoeconomies and developing archaeological methodologies

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 April 2011

By
Emma Jenkins ,
Ambroise Baker  and
Sarah Elliott
Edited by
Steven Mithen  and
Emily Black
Emma Jenkins
Affiliation:
Bournemouth University
Ambroise Baker
Affiliation:
University of Oxford
Sarah Elliott
Affiliation:
University of Reading
Steven Mithen
Affiliation:
University of Reading
Emily Black
Affiliation:
University of Reading
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Summary

ABSTRACT

Ninety-six phytolith samples were analysed from seven archaeological sites ranging from the Pre-Pottery Neolithic to the Classical period and from two ethnoarchaeological sites in Jordan. The aims were to test the possibility of detecting past irrigation with the methodology outlined by Madella et al. (2009) and Jenkins et al. (Chapter 21, this volume) and to study the contextual and temporal variation of plant use in Jordan. We utilised a water availability index using the proportion of phytolith types and ordination statistical methods to explore the similarities between the phytolith assemblages. The result of applying the irrigation methodology was promising, with contexts from water channels showing the greatest indication of water availability. Changes in plant use through time were also apparent with regard to phytolith densities and taxonomy. Date palm was identified in the Pottery Neolithic, providing one of the earliest records for this taxon in Jordan. This study shows the potential of both the water availability index and the value of inter-site comparison of phytolith assemblages.

INTRODUCTION

In this chapter phytolith analysis will be used to gain an understanding of past plant exploitation on a range of archaeological sites in Jordan dating from the Pre-Pottery Neolithic A (PPNA) to the Classical period. The broad aim of our analysis is to provide insights into past plant use in Jordan and to determine whether general patterns are observable through the phytolith record. One issue we wish to address is whether chronological changes in plant economy can be discerned.

Type
Chapter
Information
Water, Life and Civilisation
Climate, Environment and Society in the Jordan Valley
 , pp. 381 - 400
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2011

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