Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jkksz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-28T04:52:34.889Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Methods for the design of energy efficient high speed aerospace vehicles

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 February 2016

D. Riggins
Affiliation:
University of Missouri – Rolla, Rolla, Missouri, USA
T. Taylor
Affiliation:
University of Missouri – Rolla, Rolla, Missouri, USA
L. Terhune
Affiliation:
University of Missouri – Rolla, Rolla, Missouri, USA
D. Moorhouse
Affiliation:
University of Missouri – Rolla, Rolla, Missouri, USA United States Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, Ohio, USA

Abstract

This paper continues development of the fundamental analytical science, methodology and tools required for the analysis, design, and optimisation of high speed aerospace vehicles in terms of the efficient use of on-board energy. Specifically, it presents the complete second-law characterisation and related system-level energy management effectiveness for high-speed vehicles (coupling both aerodynamic and propulsive subsystems). Modelling of the fluid dynamics utilises high-level (multi-dimensional) flow-fields representative of generic configurations of interest. Capability has been recently developed which allows detailed second-law performance audits in terms of the ‘common currency’ of entropy generation for high-speed vehicles (involving complete synthesis of both internal and external flow-fields, i.e. both aerodynamic and propulsive sub-systems). This capability is now extended to encompass and utilise multi-dimensional flow-fields generated by computational fluid dynamics solvers, including Navier-Stokes solvers. Furthermore, the methodology is shown in this paper to provide insight and fundamental direction for management of onboard energy (‘price paid’) for maximum performance missions.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Aeronautical Society 2007 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1. Moorhouse, D., A proposed system-level multidisciplinary Analysis technique based on exergy methods, AIAA J Aircr, 2003, 40, (1), pp 1015.Google Scholar
2. Riggins, D., Taylor, T. and Moorhouse, D., Methodology for performance analysis of aerospace vehicles using the laws of thermodynamics, AIAA J Aircr2006, 43, (4), pp 953963.Google Scholar
3. Foa, J., Elements of Flight Propulsion, Wiley and Sons, New York, 1960, Chapter 13.Google Scholar
4. Riggins, D.W., The thermodynamic continuum of jet engine performance; the principle of lost work due to irreversibility in aerospace systems, Int J Thermodyn, 2003, 6, (3), pp 107120.Google Scholar
5. Lewis, J.H., Propulsive efficiency from an energy utilization standpoint, AIAA J Aircr, 1976, 13, (4), pp 299302.Google Scholar
6. Curran, T. and Craig, R., The use of stream thrust concepts for the approximate evaluation of hypersonic ramjet engine performance, 1978, USAF Aero-Propulsion Laboratory TR-73-38.Google Scholar
7. Riggins, D., McClinton, C.R. and Vitt, P., Thrust losses in hypersonic engines part 1: methodology, AIAA J Propul and Power, 1997, 13, (2), pp 281287.Google Scholar
8. Riggins, D., Thrust losses in hypersonic engines part 2: applications, AIAA J Propul and Power, 1997, 13, (2), pp 288295.Google Scholar
9. Roth, B., Comparison of thermodynamic loss models suitable for gas turbine propulsion, AIAA J Propul and Power, 2001, 17, (2), pp. 324332.Google Scholar
10. Roth, B., A work potential perspective of engine component performance, AIAA J Propul and Power, 2002, 18, (6), pp 11831190.Google Scholar
11. Clarke, J. and Horlock, J., Availability and propulsion, J Mech Eng Sci, 1975, 17, (4), pp 223232.Google Scholar
12. Czysz, P. and Murthy, S., Energy analysis of high-speed flight systems, High-speed flight propulsion systems, Curran, T. and Murthy, S. (Eds), Progress in Astronautics and Aeronautics, 1991, AIAA, Washington, DC, pp 143236.Google Scholar
13. Riggins, D., Evaluation of performance loss methods for high-speed engines and engine components, AIAA J Propul and Power, 1997, 13, (2), pp 296304.Google Scholar
14. Riggins, D., High-speed engine/component performance assessment using exergy and thrust-based methods, NASA Contractor Report-198271, 1996.Google Scholar
15. Oswatitsch, K., Gas Dynamics, 1956, Academic Press, New York, Chap. 4.Google Scholar
16. Giles, M. and Cummings, R., Wake integration for three-dimensional flowfield computations: theoretical development, AIAA J Aircr, 1999, 36, (2), pp 357365.Google Scholar
17. Greene, G., An entropy method for induced drag minimization, 1989, SAE Technical Paper Series #892344.Google Scholar
18. Roth, B., Aerodynamic drag loss chargeability and its implications in the vehicle design process, October 2001, AIAA Paper 2001-5236.Google Scholar
19. Roth, B. and Mavris, D., A generalized model for vehicle thermodynamic loss management and technology concept evaluation, October 2000, SAE Paper 2000-01-5562.Google Scholar
20. Knight, D., Survey of aerodynamic flow control at high speed by energy deposition, January 2003, AIAA Paper No. 2003-0525.Google Scholar
21. Marconi, F., An investigation of tailored upstream heating for sonic boom and drag reduction, January 1998, AIAA Paper 98-0333.Google Scholar
22. Riggins, D.W., Nelson, H.F. and Johnson, E. Blunt body wave drag reduction using focused energy deposition, AIAA J, 1998, 37, (4), pp 460504.Google Scholar
23. Kogan, M., Ivanov, D., Shapiro, E. and Yegorov, I., Local heat supply influence on a flow over a sphere, January 2000, AIAA Paper 2000-0209.Google Scholar
24. Taylor, T., Drag reduction and control using energetics and electrostatic force-fields for hypersonic applications, 2004, AIAA Paper 2004-0131.Google Scholar
25. Charczenko, N. and Hennessey, K. W., Investigation of a retrorocket exhausting from the nose of a blunt body into a supersonic free stream, September 1961, NASA Technical Note D-751.Google Scholar
26. Meyer, B., Nelson, H.F. and Riggins, D.W., Hypersonic drag and heat transfer reduction using a forward facing jet, November 1999, AIAA Paper 99-4880.Google Scholar
27. Charwat, A.F., Investigation of the flow and drag due to supersonic jets discharging upstream into a supersonic flow, July 1964, NASA Technical Report AD-603354.Google Scholar
28. Love, E.S., The effects of a small jet of air exhausting from the nose of a body of revolution in supersonic flow, November 1952, NACA Research Memorandum LL52I19a.Google Scholar
29. Romeo, D.J. and Sterrett, J.R., Exploratory investigation of the effect of a forward-facing jet on the bow shock of a blunt body in Mach 6 free stream, February, 1963, NASA Technical Note D-1605.Google Scholar
30. Tolle, F.F., An Investigation of the Influence of a Forward Ejected Gas Stream on Hypersonic Flow about Blunt Bodies, 1973, Dissertation at the University of Arizona.Google Scholar
31. Finley, J.P., The flow of a jet From a body opposing a supersonic free stream, October, J Fluid Mech, 1966, 26, (2), pp 337368.Google Scholar
32. Taylor, T., Khamooshi, A. and Riggins, D., Innovative concepts for large-scale drag and heat transfer reductions in high-speed flows, January 2006, AIAA Paper 2006-0660.Google Scholar