Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-m6dg7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T16:19:34.945Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Dietary fibres reduce blood pressure, serum total cholesterol and platelet aggregation in rats

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

M. Bagger ,
O. Andersen ,
J.B. Nielsen  and
K.R. Ryttig
M. Bagger
Affiliation:
1Department of Environmental Medicine, Odense University, Winslowparken 17, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
O. Andersen
Affiliation:
2Institute for Chemistry and Life Sciences, Roskilde University Centre, Box 260, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
J.B. Nielsen
Affiliation:
1Department of Environmental Medicine, Odense University, Winslowparken 17, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
K.R. Ryttig
Affiliation:
3MEDDOC, Agern Alle 15, 2970 Horsholm, Denmark
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The effects of dietary fat and dietary fibres on blood pressure, serum lipids and platelet aggregation in spontaneously hypertensive and Wistar-Kyoto rats have been investigated. The systolic and diastolic blood pressure values were increased with increasing amounts of dietary fat and normalized by dietary fibre supplementation. The greatest reduction in blood pressure was obtained by a combination of reduced dietary fat and supplementary dietary fibre. Addition of dietary fibre when the amount of dietary fat was high or reduction of dietary fat when the amount of dietary fibre was low gave a smaller effect. In both rat strains the decreases in systolic and diastolic blood pressure values after reducing dietary fat and/or increasing dietary fibre were about 10-15 mmHg. Serum total cholesterol and serum HDL-cholesterol concentrations were reduced by reduction of dietary fat or a combination of dietary fat reduction and dietary fibre addition. A combination of dietary fat reduction and dietary fibre addition was the most effective dietary change for reducing serum triacylglycerol concentration and platelet aggregation. The present study demonstrates that in this experimental model it is possible to reduce risk indicators of coronary heart disease significantly by changing dietary habits.

Keywords

Dietary fibreBlood pressureSerum lipidsPlatelet aggregation
Type
Cholesterol metabolism in rats
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 75 , Issue 3 , March 1996 , pp. 483 - 493
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1996

References

Anderson, J. W. (1983). Plant fiber and blood pressure. Annals of Internal Medicine 98, 842–846.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Behall, K. M. (1990). Effect of soluble fibers on plasma lipids, glucose tolerance and mineral balance. In New Developments in Dietary Fiber, pp. 7–16 [Furda, I. and Brine, C. J., editors]. New York: Plenum Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Castelli, W. P. (1984). Epidemiology of coronary heart disease: the Framingham study. American Journal of Medicine 76, 4–12.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dreher, M. L. (1987). Dietary fiber and its physiological effects. In Handbook of Dietary Fiber, pp. 199–279 [Fennema, O. R., Sanderson, G. W., Walstra, P., Karel, M., Tannenbaum, S. R. and Whitaker, J. R., editors]. New York: Marcel Dekker.Google Scholar
Elwood, P. C., Beswick, A. D., Sharp, D. S., Yarnell, J. W. G., Rogers, S. & Renaud, S. (1990). Whole blood impedance platelet aggregometry and ischemic heart disease. Arteriosclerosis 10, 1032–1036.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goodnight, S. H., Harris, W. S., Connor, W. E. & Illingworth, D. R. (1982). Polyunsaturated fatty acids, hyperlipidemia and thrombosis. Review. Arteriosclerosis 2, 87–113.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grundy, S. M. (1986). Comparison of monounsaturated fatty acids and carbohydrates for lowering plasma cholesterol. New England Journal of Medicine 314, 745–748.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hjermann, I., Holme, I., Byre, K. V. & Leren, P. (1981). Effect of diet and smoking intervention on the incidence of coronary heart disease. Lancet 12, 1303–1310.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoffmann, P., Block, H.-U., Beitz, J., Taube, C., Forster, W., Wortha, P., Singer, P. & Naumann, E. (1986). Comparative study of the blood pressure effect of four different vegetable fats on young spontaneously hypertensive rats. Lipids 21, 733–737.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lipid Research Clinics Program (1984). The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial. Journal of the American Medical Association 251, 351–374.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Little, P., Girling, G., Hasker, A., Trafford, A. & Craven, A. (1990). A controlled trial of a low sodium, low fat, high fibre diet in treated hypertensive patients: the efficacy of multiple dietary intervention. Postgraduate Medical Journal 66, 616–621.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rand, M. L., Hennissen, A. A. H. M. & Hornstra, G. (1986). Effects of dietary sunflowerseed oil and marine oil on platelet membrane fluidity, arterial thrombosis, and platelet responses in rats. Atherosclerosis 62, 267–276.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Roach, P. D., Dowling, K., Balasubramaniam, S., Illman, R.J., Kambouris, A. M., Nestel, P. J. & Topping, D.L. (1992). Fish oil and oat bran in combination effectively lower plasma cholesterol in the rat. Atherosclerosis 96, 219–226.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ryttig, K. R. (1990). Clinical effects of dietary fibre supplements in overweight and in hypertension. PhD Thesis, Stockholm University.Google Scholar
Singer, P., Gerhard, U., Moritz, V., Forster, D., Berger, I. & Heine, H. (1986). Different changes of n-6 and n-3 fatty acids in adipose tissue from spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and normotensive rats after diets supplemented with linolenic and eicosapentaenoic acids. Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Medicine 24, 163–172.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Singer, P., Moritz, V., Wirth, M., Berger, I. & Forster, D. (1990). Blood pressure and serum lipids from SHR after diets supplemented with evening primrose, sunflowerseed or fish oil. Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids 40, 17–20.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Soma, M., Manku, M. S. & Horrobin, D. F. (1985). The effect of hydrogenated coconut oil, safflower oil, and evening primrose oil on development of hypertension and sodium handling in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 63, 325–330.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Spiller, G. A., Farquhar, J. W., Gates, J. E. & Nichols, S. F. (1991). Guargum and plasma cholesterol. Effect of guargum and oat fiber source on plasma lipoproteins and cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic adults. Arteriosclerosis and Thrombosis 11, 1204–1208.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sundram, K., Khor, H. T. & Ong, A. S. H. (1990). Effect of dietary palm oil and its fractions on rat plasma and high density lipoprotein lipids. Lipids 25, 187–193.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Watanabe, Y., Huang, Y., Simmons, V. A. & Horrobin, D. F. (1989). The effect of dietary n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on blood pressure and tissue fatty acid composition in the spontaneously hypertensive rat. Lipids 24, 638–644.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Young, J. B., Mullen, D. & Landsberg, L. (1978). Caloric restriction lowers blood pressure in the spontaneously hypertensive rat. Metabolism 21, 1711–1714.CrossRefGoogle Scholar