Dioryctria tumicolella, from pine blister rust, Peridermium spp., swellings on Pinus ponderosa Lawson and Son in British Columbia, Washington, Montana, and Colorado; D. contortella, from Peridermium swellings on P. contorta Douglas in British Columbia, Alberta, and Washington; D. monticolella, from trunks of P. monticola Douglas in British Columbia; and D. banksiella, from trunks of P. banksiana Lambert in Alberta, Northwest Territories and eastward, are described as new species and distinguished from the western D. cambiicola (Dyar) and the eastern D. zimmermani (Grote).

Unsprayed apple trees measurably increased the numbers of the Oriental fruit moth, Grapholitha molesta (Busck), in adjacent peach trees in only 1 of 4 years, though the apples were rather heavily infested. The moth became evenly dispersed throughout a previously uninfected peach orchard within three generations. Caged orchard trees were unsatisfactory for studying behaviour because the environment within the cages differed from that in the orchard. Experimental studies indicated that fecundity of the females was variable between years and generations and a varying proportion laid no eggs. Intraspecific competition between newly hatched larvae occurred at low egg densities; egg mortality was small but mortality of newly hatched larvae was large.

The reactions of resistant and susceptible Abies grandis to attacks by Scolytus ventralis are described. Resistant reactions were characterized by the production of secondary resin in the cells of the phloem parenchyma and the formation of callus tissue and traumatic resin cavities at the cambium–sapwood interface. S. ventralis exhibited varying degrees of gallery establishment on resistant hosts. Some individuals were repelled by phloem resinosis before reaching the vascular cambium while others were able to construct galleries of varying length before they were repelled by resin flow from the phloem and traumatic cavities. The degree of gallery establishment appeared to be inversely associated with the rapidity of the host’s response. Necrotic resinous lesions developed around the attack and extended vertically to various distances from the attack. Callus tissue, produced at the margins of this lesion, eventually grew over and healed the wound. Vulnerable grand firs were characterized by the lack of resinosis in the phloem parenchyma, and the absence of extensive callus production and traumatic cavity formation.

The following new species and subspecies of Dioryctria Zeller are described: D. pentictonella, related to D. baumhoferi Heinrich, from buds of young Pinns ponderosa in the interior region of British Columbia; D. pentictonella vancouverella from buds of P. contorta and of several introduced species of Pinus in coastal British Columbia; D. okanaganella, related to D. ponderosae Dyar, from old pitch nodules and blister rust on Pinus ponderosa in the interior of British Columbia and in Washington.

Two species of Olethreutinae (Tortricidae), Olethreutes inquietana and Olethreutes mengelana, are known to occur in the far north. Their respective hosts are Pedicularis and Dryas. Life-history notes on inquietana, and larval descriptions and illustrations of both species are given in this paper.

Observations mainly on sexual behavior were made in both the field and laboratory on five species representing four genera of stag beetles all occurring in central Illinois.Males of Lucanus Scopoli (= Pseudolucanus) and Dorcus MacLeay which have relatively short mandibles made direct use of these appendages in subduing and maintaining the female in position during mating.Males of Platycerus Geoffroy and Ceruchus MacLeay which have larger mandibles did not use these appendages to hold the female, but rubbed a pair of legs intermittently against the female’s elytra and had much longer matings.The presence of a female stimulus was determinant in the amount of fighting among males.

Twelve species of parasitic insects were associated with Eucosma rescissoriana Heinrich in western white pine, Pinus monticola Douglas, cones in northern Idaho from 1963 to 1965. Pimplopterus n. sp. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), Chelonus petrovae McComb (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), Apanteles starki Mason (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), and Psalidopteryx psilocorsiphaga Brooks (Diptera: Tachinidac), in order of decreasing abundance, accounted for approximately 95% of the total parasitism. One additional species, Bracon rhyacioniae (Muesebeck) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), was present locally in small numbers. The four major species increased their rates of parasitism from 9.4 to 40.9% in one area during this 3-year study and were shown to be effective natural control agents of E. rescissoriana in seed-production areas.

The following new species and subspecies of Circobotys are described: C. elegans n. sp., Taiwan; C. heterogenalis onumalis n. subsp., Hokkaido; C. heterogenalis pertinctalis n. subsp., Shantung, China; C. obscuralis ahyoui n. subsp., Yuennan, China; C. elongata n. sp., Taiwan; C. cryptica n. sp., Japan and China; C. plebeia n. sp., Tapaishan, S. Shensi, China.

A 3-year study in two orange orchards in Egypt showed that when sprays were eliminated, citrus brown mite, Eutetranychus orientalis (Klein), was not a problem. The response of both phytophagous and predaceous mites to cessation of pesticide sprays was determined.

Lamyctes sp. (Chilopoda) is a predator of Scutigerella immaculata Newport and rapidly decimates symphylan soil storage cultures. In a limited soil environment this centipede controls symphylan populations to a level allowing for normal plant growth. Field populations of this predator are too small to effectively control symphylan injury to seeds and transplants.

The odor produced by male Ips grandicollis attacking caged loblolly pine bolts was not very effective in attracting marked beetles. Only 2.4% of the 9,417 beetles released around the attracting attacks were recaptured.Unscreened infested bolts lost their attractiveness to responding beetles when about 27 attacks per square foot of bark surface had been reached. More beetles attacked bolts placed outside of a beetle producing area than those within. The latter indicates that a dispersal flight may be needed before response takes place.

The onitis group of the ichneumonid genus Trieces in the Nearctic region is revised to include redefinitions of the three previously described species, onitis (Davis), arcuatus Townes and Townes, and diffidens Townes and Townes, plus descriptions of six new species. A key to species, and illustrations are provided. Host data are given for six species, all of which are parasites of deciduous forest Lepidoptera in Canada.

Four species are recognized in the genus Holcopsis Enderlein: bifenestrata (Osten Sacken 1886), fenestrata Enderlein 1923, bequaerti (Philip 1943) and pilifera (Philip 1943). All specimens for which the locality is known are from the State of Durango, Mexico. The genus is characterized and its possible relationship with Bolbodimyia Bigot is indicated. Collection data for all known specimens are given. The species are characterized by the use of a descriptive key. The wing, third antennal segment, and second palpal segment of the female of each species is illustrated.

Five insecticides (Baygon, diazinon, Dursban, Furadan, and menazon), previously shown to have some effect on control of the balsam woolly aphid, Adelges piceae (Ratz.), on branches of Abies balsamea (L.) Mill., have been tested more intensively. Individual trees were sprayed from the ground with 1.0, 0.5, or 0.25 litre of solution containing 5% active ingredient (an approximate per acre dosage rate of 12 to 25 lb). Dursban, Baygon, and diazinon caused 85, 75, and 72% mortality respectively. Furadan and menazon were less effective, causing 56 and 34% mortality.

Four new species of aphids are described: alate and apterous viviparous females of Masonaphis patriciae new species from Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg. in British Columbia; apterous viviparous females of Masonaphis menziesiae new species from Menziesia ferruginea Smith in Alberta; apterous viviparous females, oviparae, and males of Aphis rubiradicis new species from Rubus chamaemorus L. in Saskatchewan; and apterous viviparous females of Aulacorthum capilanoensis new species from Rubus spectabilis Pursh in British Columbia.