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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: prognostic factors and survival analysis in 128 Egyptian patients

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 July 2013

Sonia A. El-Saiedi ,
Zeinab S. Seliem  and
Reem I. Esmail
Sonia A. El-Saiedi
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
Zeinab S. Seliem
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
Reem I. Esmail*
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
*
Correspondence to: R. Ibrahim, 330 Faisal Street, Giza, Egypt. Tel: +2001005459071; Fax: +20235877988; E-mail: esmail_reem@yahoo.com
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Abstract

Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is an important cause of disability and death in patients of all ages. Egyptian children may differ from Western and Asian patients in the pattern of hypertrophy distribution, clinical manifestations, and risk factors. Objectives: The aim of our study was to report the clinical characteristics and outcomes of Egyptian children with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy studied over a 7-year duration and to determine whether the reported adult risk factors for sudden cardiac death are predictive of the outcome in these affected children. Study design and methods: This retrospective study included 128 hypertrophic cardiomyopathy children. The data included personal history, family history, physical examination, baseline laboratory measurements, electrocardiogram, and Holter and echocardiographic results. Logistic regression analysis was used for the detection of risk factors of death. Results: Fifty-one out of 128 patients died during the period of the study. Of the 51 deaths, 36 (70.5%) occurred in patients presenting before 1 year of age. Only eight patients had surgical intervention. Extreme left ventricular hypertrophy, that is, interventricular septal wall thickness or posterior wall thickness Z-score >6, sinus tachycardia, and supraventricular tachycardia were found to be independent risk factors for prediction of death in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Conclusions: At our Egyptian tertiary care centre, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy has a relatively worse prognosis when compared with reports from Western and Asian series. Infants have a worse outcome than children presenting after the age of 1 year. A poorer prognosis in childhood hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is predicted by an extreme left ventricular hypertrophy, the presence of sinus tachycardia, and supraventricular tachycardia.

Keywords

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathyechocardiographychildren
Type
Original Articles
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 24 , Issue 4 , August 2014 , pp. 702 - 708
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2013 

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