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Maternal hypothyroidism may be associated with CHD in offspring

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 October 2014

Michael J Grattan ,
Daina S Thomas ,
Lisa K. Hornberger ,
Robert M Hamilton ,
William K Midodzi  and
Sunita Vohra
Michael J Grattan
Affiliation:
Division of Cardiology, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
Daina S Thomas
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
Lisa K. Hornberger
Affiliation:
Division of Cardiology, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
Robert M Hamilton
Affiliation:
Department of Paediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, Canada and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
William K Midodzi
Affiliation:
Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland, Canada
Sunita Vohra*
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
*
Correspondence to: S. Vohra, MD, Edmonton General Hospital, 8B19-11111 Jasper Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T5K 0L4. Tel: +780 342 8592; Fax: +780 342 8464; E-mail: svohra@ualberta.ca
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Abstract

Objectives: This study tested whether mothers with maternal hypothyroidism have increased odds of CHD in their offspring, and examined the relationship between CHD, maternal thyroid function, and nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. Background: Maternal hypothyroidism increases the risk for foetal demise and prematurity and can have a negative impact on neurodevelopment. Prior studies have postulated a relationship between maternal thyroid function, CHD, and maternal nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. Methods: A cross-sectional case–control study was conducted over a 17-month period to obtain a history of maternal thyroid status and nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. Paediatric echocardiograms were evaluated for CHD by a blinded paediatric cardiologist. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association between CHD and maternal hypothyroidism. Results: Of the 998 maternal–child pairs, 10% (98/998) of the mothers reported a history of prenatal hypothyroidism. The overall prevalence of CHD in the study sample was 63% (630/998). Mothers with a history of hypothyroidism were significantly more likely to have offspring with CHD compared with mothers without a history of hypothyroidism (72 versus 62%; p=0.04). The adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of CHD in offspring associated with reported maternal hypothyroidism was 1.68 (1.02–2.78). Conclusion: This study suggests that maternal hypothyroidism is a risk factor for the development of CHD. Further prospective investigations are necessary to confirm this association and delineate pathogenic mechanisms.

Keywords

CHDmaternal hypothyroidismnausea and vomiting in pregnancy
Type
Original Articles
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 25 , Issue 7 , October 2015 , pp. 1247 - 1253
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2014 

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