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Multimodality cardiac imaging in Turner syndrome

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 February 2016

Kristian H. Mortensen ,
Deepa Gopalan ,
Bjarne L. Nørgaard ,
Niels H. Andersen  and
Claus H. Gravholt
Kristian H. Mortensen*
Affiliation:
Department of Radiology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom Department of Radiology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Deepa Gopalan
Affiliation:
Department of Radiology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Bjarne L. Nørgaard
Affiliation:
Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Niels H. Andersen
Affiliation:
Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Claus H. Gravholt
Affiliation:
Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine & Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
*
Correspondence to: Dr K. H. Mortensen, PhD, Department of Radiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge University and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Box 218, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom. Tel: +44 0 1223 336890; Fax: +44 0 1223 330915; E-mail: mortensen@doctors.org.uk
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Abstract

Congenital and acquired cardiovascular diseases contribute significantly to the threefold elevated risk of premature death in Turner syndrome. A multitude of cardiovascular anomalies and disorders, many of which deleteriously impact morbidity and mortality, is frequently left undetected and untreated because of poor adherence to screening programmes and complex clinical presentations. Imaging is essential for timely and effective primary and secondary disease prophylaxis that may alleviate the severe impact of cardiovascular disease in Turner syndrome. This review illustrates how cardiovascular disease in Turner syndrome manifests in a complex manner that ranges in severity from incidental findings to potentially fatal anomalies. Recommendations regarding the use of imaging for screening and surveillance of cardiovascular disease in Turner syndrome are made, emphasising the key role of non-invasive and invasive cardiovascular imaging to the management of all patients with Turner syndrome.

Keywords

Cardiovascular MRIechocardiographyCTCHDTurner syndrome
Type
Review Articles
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 26 , Issue 5 , June 2016 , pp. 831 - 841
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Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2016 

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