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The prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder following neonatal aortic arch repair

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 April 2014

Joseph J. Sistino ,
Andrew M. Atz ,
Kit N. Simpson ,
Charles Ellis Jr ,
John S. Ikonomidis  and
Scott M. Bradley
Joseph J. Sistino*
Affiliation:
Medical University of South Carolina, College of Health Professions, Charleston, United States of America
Andrew M. Atz
Affiliation:
Medical University of South Carolina, College of Medicine, Charleston, United States of America
Kit N. Simpson
Affiliation:
Medical University of South Carolina, College of Health Professions, Charleston, United States of America
Charles Ellis Jr
Affiliation:
Medical University of South Carolina, College of Health Professions, Charleston, United States of America
John S. Ikonomidis
Affiliation:
Medical University of South Carolina, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Charleston, United States of America
Scott M. Bradley
Affiliation:
Medical University of South Carolina, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Charleston, United States of America
*
Correspondence to: J. J. Sistino, Medical University of South Carolina, 151B Rutledge Ave, MSC 962, Charleston, SC 29425, United States of America. Tel: (843) 792-9262; Fax: (843) 793-3327; E-mail: sistinoj@musc.edu
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Abstract

Objective: We sought to determine the prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in a population of children who underwent neonatal heart surgery involving repair of the aortic arch for Norwood Stage I, interrupted aortic arch, and combined repair of aortic coarctation with ventricular septal defect. Methods: Children between the ages of 5 and 16 were surveyed using the ADHD-IV and the Child Heath Questionnaire-50. Classification as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder was defined for this study as either a parent-reported diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder or ADHD-IV inattention score of ⩾93 percentile. Results: Of the 134 surveys, 57 (43%) were returned completed. A total of 25 (44%) children either had a diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and/or ADHD-IV inattention score ⩾93 percentile. Eleven of the 13 (85%) children with interrupted aortic arch, 3 of the 7 (42.9%) children with combined coarctation/ventricular septal defect repair, and 9 of the 33 (27.3%) children with hypoplastic left-heart syndrome were classified as having attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Only 7 of the 25 (28%) children received medical treatment for this condition. Quality of life indicators in the Child Heath Questionnaire-50 Questionnaire were highly correlated with the ADHD-IV scores. Conclusion: The risks for the development of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder are multifactorial but are significantly increased in this post-surgical population. This study revealed a low treatment rate for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and a significant impact on the quality of life in these children.

Keywords

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorderaortic arch repairhypoplastic left-heart syndromeneonatal cardiac surgery
Type
Original Articles
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 25 , Issue 4 , April 2015 , pp. 663 - 669
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2014 

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