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Variants of the CFC1 gene in patients with laterality defects associated with congenital cardiac disease

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 April 2007

Elif Seda Selamet Tierney ,
Zvi Marans ,
Melissa B. Rutkin  and
Wendy K. Chung
Elif Seda Selamet Tierney
Affiliation:
Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital of New York Presbyterian, Columbia University, College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY, United States of America
Zvi Marans
Affiliation:
Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital of New York Presbyterian, Columbia University, College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY, United States of America
Melissa B. Rutkin
Affiliation:
Department of Radiology, Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital of New York Presbyterian, Columbia University, College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY, United States of America
Wendy K. Chung
Affiliation:
Division of Molecular Genetics, Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital of New York Presbyterian, Columbia University, College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY, United States of America
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Abstract

Objectives: This study was designed to assess the frequency and types of genetic variants in CFC1 in children with laterality disorders associated with cardiovascular involvement. Background: Laterality syndromes are estimated to comprise 3% of neonates with congenital cardiac disease. Genetic predisposition in some cases of laterality defects has been suggested by associated chromosomal anomalies and familial aggregation, often within consanguineous families, suggesting autosomal recessive inheritance. Mice with induced homozygous mutations in cfc1, and heterozygous CFC1 mutations in humans, have been associated with laterality defects. Methods: Direct sequence analysis of the coding sequence of CFC1 was performed in 42 subjects with laterality defects and congenital cardiac disease. Results: We identified 3 synonymous coding variants, 3 non-synonymous coding variants (N21H, R47Q, and R78W), and 2 intronic variants in CFC1. The N21H variant was observed in 3 of 19 affected Caucasians, and the R47Q variant in another 2. Neither polymorphism was observed in Caucasian controls. Furthermore, all subjects with the N21H polymorphism had double outlet right ventricle. Transmission of both the N21H and R47Q polymorphisms from unaffected parents was demonstrated, and all three non-synonymous variants had significant allele frequencies in unaffected African-American subjects, suggesting that other factors must also contribute to laterality defects. Conclusions: Three non-synonymous variants in CFC1 were identified, the N21H variant being associated with laterality defects in Caucasians, but not fully penetrant. One or more of these non-synonymous missense variants may act as a susceptibility allele in conjunction with other genes, and/or environmental factors, to cause laterality defects.

Keywords

Heterotaxypolymorphismisomerismgeneticsmutation
Type
Original Article
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 17 , Issue 3 , June 2007 , pp. 268 - 274
Copyright
© 2007 Cambridge University Press

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