Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dzt6s Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T21:26:27.115Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Beyond safety and permanency: Making well-being a focus of policy and practice for children in state care

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 February 2016

Abstract

This essay explores some of the reasons why child welfare policy has too often avoided an explicit focus on child well-being. The historical origins of child welfare services contribute to avoidance of child well-being in policy discourse. In addition, program administrators are reluctant to explicitly take responsibility for the well-being of children they serve because of concerns about added liability, the belief that public institutions other than the child welfare system should be held responsible, and the fear that child welfare services will be unable to ameliorate the damage that children often suffer before entering care. Three empirical studies of child welfare populations in the US are used to examine the inextricable links between child safety, permanency and well-being. It is argued that broadening child welfare policy to embrace child well-being as a policy goal will only enhance the likelihood that child welfare agencies will improve child safety and permanency outcomes.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2009

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Arnett, J.J. (2004) Emerging adulthood: The winding road from the late teens through the twenties, Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Biehal, N. & Wade, J. (1999) ‘Taking a chance? The risks associated with going missing from substitute care’, Child Abuse Review, 8, 366376.Google Scholar
Biehal, N. & Wade, J. (2000) ‘Going missing from residential and foster care: Linking biographies and contexts’, British Journal of Social Work, 30, 211225.Google Scholar
Blome, W.W. & Steib, S.D. (2007) ‘Strategies for empowering the child welfare administrator facing class action litigation’, Journal of Public Child Welfare, 1(2), 527.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bullock, R., Courtney, M.E., Parker, R., Sinclair, I. & Thoburn, J. (2006) ‘Can the corporate state parent?’, Children and Youth Services Review, 28(11), 13441358.Google Scholar
Bussey, M., Feagans, L., Arnold, L., Wulczyn, R., Brunner, K., Nixon, R., DiLorenzo, P., Pecora, P.J., Weiss, S.A. & Winterfeld, A. (2000) Transition for Foster Care: A State-by-State Data Base Analysis, Seattle, WA: Casey Family Programs.Google Scholar
Cashmore, J. & Paxman, M. (2006) ‘Wards leaving care’, Children Australia, 31(3), 1825.Google Scholar
Courtney, M. & Barth, R. (1996) ‘Pathways of older adolescents out of foster care: Implications for Independent Living Services’, Social Work, 41(1), 7583.Google Scholar
Courtney, M.E. & Dworsky, A. (2006) ‘Early outcomes for young adults transitioning from out-of-home care in the U.S.A’, Child and Family Social Work, 11, 209219.Google Scholar
Courtney, M.E., Dworsky, A., Cusick, G., Havlicek, J., Perez, A. & Keller, T. (2007) Midwest Evaluation of the Adult Functioning of Former Foster Youth: Outcomes at Age 21, Chicago: Chapin Hall Center for Children at the University of Chicago.Google Scholar
Courtney, M.E., Dworsky, A. & Pollack, H. (2007) When should the state cease parenting? Evidence from the Midwest Study, Chicago: Chapin Hall Center for Children at the University of Chicago.Google Scholar
Courtney, M.E. & Havlicek, J. (in preparation) Predictors of college enrollment among foster youth in transition to adulthood.Google Scholar
Courtney, M.E., Skyles, A., Miranda, G., Zinn, A., Howard, E. & Goerge, R. (2005) Youth who run away from substitute care, Chicago, IL: Chapin Hall Center for Children at the University of Chicago.Google Scholar
Cusick, G.R., Havlicek, J. & Courtney, M.E. (under review) ‘The role of social bonds in crime among youth in transition to adulthood from foster care’.Google Scholar
Dworsky, A. & Courtney, M.E. (under review, A) ‘Homelessness among foster youth in transition’.Google Scholar
Dworsky, A. & Courtney, M.E. (under review, B). ‘Pregnancy and reproductive health behaviors among female foster youth during the transition to adulthood’.Google Scholar
Fields, J. (2003) America's families and living arrangements: 2003, Current Population Reports, P20-553, Washington, D.C.: U.S. Census Bureau.Google Scholar
Kushel, M., Yen, I., Gee, L. & Courtney, M.E. (2007) ‘Homelessness and health care access after emancipation: Results from the Midwest Evaluation of Adult Functioning of Former Foster Youth’, Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 61, 9271011.Google Scholar
Nesmith, A. (2006) ‘Predictors of running away from family foster care’, Child Welfare, 85(3), 585609.Google Scholar
Settersten, R., Furstenberg, F.F. & Rumbaut, R.G. (eds.) (2005) On the frontier of adulthood: Theory, research, and public policy, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Smithgall, C., Gladden, R.M., Howard, E., Goerge, R. & Courtney, M.E. (2004) Educational experiences of children in out-of-home care, Chicago, IL: Chapin Hall Center for Children at the University of Chicago.Google Scholar
Stein, M. & Munro, E. (2008) Young people's transitions from care to adulthood: International research and practice, London, Jessica Kingsley.Google Scholar
Stone, S. (2007) ‘Child maltreatment, out-of-home placement and academic vulnerability: A fifteen-year review of evidence and future directions’, Children and Youth Services Review, 29(2), 139161.Google Scholar
U.S. Department of Justice (2002) Runaway/Thrownaway Children: National Estimates and Characteristics. National Incidence Studies of Missing, Abducted, Runaway, and Thrownaway Children, Washington, D.C.: Office of Justice Programs.Google Scholar
Wulczyn, F., Barth, R.P., Yuan, Y.T., Harden, B.J. & Landsverk, J. (2005) Beyond common sense: Child welfare, child well-being, and the evidence for policy reform. New Brunswick, N.J.: Aldine Transaction.Google Scholar