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Information for mental health systems: an instrument for policy-making and system service quality

Part of: Special Articles

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 October 2016

A. Lora ,
A. Lesage ,
S. Pathare  and
I. Levav
A. Lora*
Affiliation:
Department of Mental Health - Manzoni Hospital, Lecco, Italy
A. Lesage
Affiliation:
Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
S. Pathare
Affiliation:
Centre for MH Law & Policy, Indian Law Society, Pune, India
I. Levav
Affiliation:
Department of Community Mental Health, Faculty of Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Israel
*
*Address for correspondence: A. Lora, Department of Mental Health – Manzoni Hospital, Lecco, Italy. (Email: antoniolora55@gmail.com)
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Abstract

Aims.

Information is crucial in mental healthcare, yet it remains undervalued by stakeholders. Its absence undermines rationality in planning, makes it difficult to monitor service quality improvement, impedes accountability and human rights monitoring. For international organizations (e.g., WHO, OECD), information is indispensable for achieving better outcomes in mental health policies, services and programs. This article reviews the importance of developing system level information with reference to inputs, processes and outputs, analyzes available tools for collecting and summarizing information, highlights the various goals of information gathering, discusses implementation issues and charts the way forward.

Methods.

Relevant publications and research were consulted, including WHO studies that purport to promote the use of information systems to upgrade mental health care in high- and low-middle income countries.

Results.

Studies have shown that once information has been collected by relevant systems and analyzed through indicator schemes, it can be put to many uses. Monitoring mental health services, represents a first step in using information. In addition, studies have noted that information is a prime resource in many other areas such as evaluation of quality of care against evidence based standards of care. Services data may support health services research where it is possible to link mental health data with other health and non-health databases. Information systems are required to carefully monitor involuntary admissions, restrain and seclusion, to reduce human rights violations in care facilities. Information has been also found useful for policy makers, to monitor the implementation of policies, to evaluate their impact, to rationally allocate funding and to create new financing models.

Conclusions.

Despite its manifold applications, Information systems currently face many problems such as incomplete recording, poor data quality, lack of timely reporting and feedback, and limited application of information. Corrective action is needed to upgrade data collection in outpatient facilities, to improve data quality, to establish clear rules and norms, to access adequate information technology equipment and to train health care personnel in data collection. Moreover, it is necessary to shift from mere administrative data collection to analysis, dissemination and use by relevant stakeholders and to develop a “culture of information” to dismantle the culture of intuition and mere tradition. Clinical directors, mental health managers, patient and family representatives, as well as politicians should be educated to operate with information and not just intuition.

Keywords

Administrationhealth service researchpsychiatric servicesquality indicatorsquality of care
Type
Special Article
Information
Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences , Volume 26 , Issue 4 , August 2017 , pp. 383 - 394
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2016 

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