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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 13 January 2025
1 Thomas Piketty, 2014. Capital in the Twenty-First Century (Cambridge, Massachusetts, The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press).
2 Thomas Piketty, 2020. Capital and Ideology (Cambridge, Massachusetts, The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press).
3 Thomas Piketty, 2022a. A Brief History of Equality (Cambridge, Harvard University Press).
4 I took this translation from one of Piketty’s talks where he has discussed the work in English [Thomas Piketty, 2022b. “Measuring Racism, Overcoming Discrimination,” Retrieved September 15, 2024 (http://piketty.pse.ens.fr/files/Piketty2022Torino.pdf.)]. Piketty also discusses this work in his blog in Le Monde [Thomas Piketty, 2021. “Combatting Discrimination, Measuring Racism – Le Blog de Thomas Piketty.” Retrieved September 15, 2024 (https://www.lemonde.fr/blog/piketty/2021/03/16/combatting-discrimination-measuring-racism/].). All other translations here are my own. Thomas Piketty,” Retrieved September 15, 2024 [https://www.lemonde.fr/blog/piketty/2021/03/16/combatting-discrimination-measuring-racism/].
5 Fabien Jobard, René Lévy, John Lamberth, Sophie Névanen and Elizabeth Wiles-Portier, 2012. “Measuring Appearance-Based Discrimination: An Analysis of Identity Checks in Paris,” Population, 67(3): 349-375.
6 In the French case, such a question about ethnoracial identification would likely ask whether one identifies as White/Black/Maghrebian/Asian/Mixed Race.
7 Patrick Simon and Martin Clément, 2006a. “How should the diverse origins of people living in France be described? An exploratory survey of employees’ and students’ perceptions,” Population & Societies, 425 (7): 1-4 [doi: 10.3917/popsoc.425.0001].
8 Martin Clément, 2016. “Enquête sur l’accès aux droits en France entre 2011 et 2016,” Study Documentation (unpublished).
9 Patrick Simon and Martin Clément, 2006b. “Rapport de L’enquête ‘Mesure de la Diversite’.”
10 Ellora Derenoncourt, Chi Hyun Kim, Moritz Kuhn and Moritz Schularick, 2023. “Changes in the Distribution of Black and White Wealth since the US Civil War,” Journal of Economic Perspectives, 37 (4): 71-89 [doi: 10.1257/jep.37.4.71].
11 Christopher Muller, 2021. “Exclusion and Exploitation: The Incarceration of Black Americans from Slavery to the Present,” Science, 374 (6565): 282-286. [doi: 10.1126/science.abj7781].
12 Alternatively, it is possible that Piketty suspects that in a statistical system like France’s, collecting parents’ country of origin will effectively allow for the tracking the third and fourth generations in the future, when individuals can be linked to their grandparents and subsequently great grandparents’ countries of origin.