Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-8bhkd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T13:28:48.752Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Características clínicas del alcoholismo familiar frente al esporádico en una muestra de pacientes masculinos y femeninos

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2020

F. Limosin ,
P. Gorwood  and
J. Adés
F. Limosin
Affiliation:
Servicio de Psiquiatría, Hospital Louis Mourier, 178 rué des Renouillers, 92701Colombes cedex, Francia
P. Gorwood
Affiliation:
Servicio de Psiquiatría, Hospital Louis Mourier, 178 rué des Renouillers, 92701Colombes cedex, Francia
Get access

Resumen

La presencia de antecedentes familiares de alcoholismo puede predecir características clínicas en los sujetos afectados, como una edad más temprana en el comienzo. Para el alcoholismo familiar, se citan también regularmente una inadaptación social más frecuente y grave, y complicaciones somáticas, aunque sujeto a muchos otros factores de confusión. Analizamos las características clínicas específicas de 79 pacientes dependientes de alcohol hospitalizados según la presencia o ausencia de antecedentes familiares de alcoholismo.

Se evaluó a los pacientes con la Entrevista Diagnóstica para Estudios Genéticos (DIGS) para la morbilidad psiquiátrica vital y con una lista sistemática de detección selectiva para las complicaciones somáticas, y se evaluó a los familiares de primer grado (N = 428) con el Cuestionario y Criterios de los Informantes Familiares (FISC).

La edad en el comienzo y las complicaciones sociales predecían el alcoholismo familiar frente al esporádico. incluso considerando los datos perdidos, la interacción entre las variables o ambos. Pero las diferencias se volvieron no significativas al excluir a los pacientes con personalidad antisocial. Si bien la edad en el comienzo parece ser, en efecto, la característica más informativa para predecir el alcoholismo familiar frente al esporádico, parece que, en estudios futuros, puede ser necesario tener en cuenta sistemáticamente el diagnóstic de personalidad antisocial, a causa de una probable contaminación.

Keywords

alcoholismopersonalidad antisocialantecedentes familiaresfactores de riesgo
Type
Artículo original
Information
European Psychiatry (Ed. Española) , Volume 8 , Issue 5 , June 2001 , pp. 318 - 323
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2001

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bibliografía

American, Psychiatric AssociationDiagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 3rd ed„ rev. (DSM-III-R). Washington DC: APA; 1987.Google Scholar
Andreasen, NC, Endicott, J, Spitzer, RL, Winokur, GThe family history method using diagnostic criteria: reliability and validity. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1977; 34: 1229–32.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Anthenelli, RM, Smith, TL, Irwin, MR, Schuckit, MDA comparative study of criteria for subgrouping alcoholics: the primary/secondary diagnostic scheme versus variations of the type 1/type 2 criteria. Am J Psychiatry 1994; 151: 1468–74.Google Scholar
Babor, TF, Hofmann, M, Delboca, FK, Hesselbrock, V, Meyer, RE, Dolinsky, ZSet al. Types of alcoholics, I. Evidence for an empirically derived typology based on indicators of vulnerability and severity. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1992; 49: 599–608.Google Scholar
Cloninger, CR, Bohman, M, Sigvarson, SInheritance of alcohol abuse: cross-fostering analysis of adopted men. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1981; 38: 861–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cook, BL, Winokur, GA family study of familial positive vs. familial negative alcoholics. J Nerv Ment Dis 1985; 173: 175–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cotton, NSThe familial incidence of alcoholism. A review. J Stud Alcohol 1979; 40: 89–116.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Endicott, J, Andreasen, N, Spitzer, RLFamily history-research diagnostic criteria, 3rd ed. New York: Biometrics Research, New York State Psychiatric Institute; 1978.Google Scholar
Goodwin, DWIs alcoholism hereditary? Arch Gen Psychiatry 1971; 25: 545–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hesselbrock, VM, Stabenau, JR, Hesselbrock, MN, Meyer, RE, Babor, TFThe nature of alcoholism in patients with different family histories for alcoholism. Progr Neuro-psy-chopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 1982; 6: 607–14.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hosmer, DW, Lemeshow, SApplied logistic regression. New York: John Wiley and Sons; 1980.Google Scholar
Irwin, M, Schuckit, MD, Smith, TLClinical importance of age at onset in type 1 and type 2 primary alcoholics. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1990; 47: 320–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lewis, C, Rize, J, Helzer, JDiagnostic interactions: alcoholism and antisocial personality. J Nerv Ment Dis 1983; 171: 105–13.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Limosin, F, Gorwood, P, Adés, JAlcoolisme et antécédents familiaux: données actuelles et intéréts cliniques. Presse Med 1996; 25: 1550–4.Google Scholar
Liskow, B, Powell, BJ, Nickel, E, Penick, EAntisocial alcoholics: are there clinically significant diagnostic subtypes? J Stud Alcohol 1991; 52: 62–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Litt, MD, Babor, TF, Delboca, FK, Kadden, RM, Cooney, NLTypes of alcoholics. II. Application of an empirically derived typology to treatment matching. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1992; 49: 609–14.Google Scholar
McGuffin, P, Gottesman, IIGenetic influences on normal and abnormal development. In: Rutter, M, Hersov, L Eds. Child psychiatry: modern approaches. 2nd ed. London: Blackwell; 1984, p. 17–33.Google Scholar
McKenna, T, Pickens, RAlcoholic children of alcoholics. J Stud Alcohol 1981; 42: 1021–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mannuzza, S, Fyer, AJ, Endicott, J, Klein, DFFamily informant schedule and criteria (FISC). New York: Anxiety Disorders Clinic, New York State Psychiatric Institute; 1985.Google Scholar
Nurnberger, JI, Blehar, MC, Kaufmann, CA, York-Cooler, C, Simpson, SG, Harkavy-Friedman, Jet al. Diagnostic interview for genetic studies. Rationale, unique features, and training. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1994; 51: 849–59.Google ScholarPubMed
Penick, EC, Read, M, Crowley, P, Powell, BDifferentiation of alcoholics by family history. J Stud Alcohol 1978; 39: 1944–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Penick, EC, Powell, BJ, Bingham, SF, Liskow, BI, Miller, NS, Read, MRA comparative study of familial alcoholism. J Stud Alcohol 1987; 48: 136–46.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Penick, EC, Nickel, EJ, Powell, BJ, Bingham, SF, Liskow, BLA comparison of familial and nonfamilial male alcoholic patients without a coexisting psychiatric disorder. J Stud Alcohol 1990; 51: 443–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schuckit, MA, Rimmer, J, Winokur, GAlcoholism: the influence of parental illness. Br J Psychiatry 1971; 119: 663–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schuckit, MAAlcoholic men with no alcoholic first-degree relatives. Am J Psychiatry 1983; 140: 439–43.Google ScholarPubMed
Schuckit, MAA study of young men with alcoholic close relatives. Am j Psychiatry 1982; 139: 791–4.Google ScholarPubMed
Schuckit, MAAlcoholism and sociopathy — diagnostic confusión. J Stud Alcohol 1973; 34: 157–64.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Templer, DI, Ruff, CF, Ayers, JEssential alcoholism and family history of alcoholism. Q J Stud Alcohol 1974; 35: 655–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed