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¿El período sin tratamiento del trastorno depresivo mayor puede influir en la evolución a largo plazo de esta enfermedad?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 May 2008

A. Cario Altamura ,
Bernardo Dell’Osso ,
Serena Vismara  and
Emanuela Mundo
A. Cario Altamura
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría, Universidad de Milán, Fundación IRCCS, Hospital General Policlínico, Mangiagalli e Regina Elena, Vía F. Sforza 35, 20122Milán, Italia
Bernardo Dell’Osso
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría, Universidad de Milán, Fundación IRCCS, Hospital General Policlínico, Mangiagalli e Regina Elena, Vía F. Sforza 35, 20122Milán, Italia
Serena Vismara
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría, Universidad de Milán, Fundación IRCCS, Hospital General Policlínico, Mangiagalli e Regina Elena, Vía F. Sforza 35, 20122Milán, Italia
Emanuela Mundo
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría, Universidad de Milán, Fundación IRCCS, Hospital General Policlínico, Mangiagalli e Regina Elena, Vía F. Sforza 35, 20122Milán, Italia
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Resumen

El objetivo de este estudio naturalista fue investigar la influencia posible del período sin tratamiento (PST) del trastorno depresivo mayor (TDM) sobre la evolución a largo plazo de la enfermedad. Ciento trece pacientes con TDM recurrente, según los criterios del DSMIV- TR, seguidos durante 5 años, se seleccionaron y entrevistaron, y se revisaron sus historias clínicas. El PST se definió como el intervalo entre el inicio del primer episodio depresivo y el primer tratamiento antidepresivo. La muestra se dividió en dos grupos según el PST: un grupo con un PST ≤ 12 meses (n = 75) y otro con un PST > 12 meses (n=38). Las principales variables demográficas y de evolución clínica de los dos grupos se compararon usando el test de la t de Student o de χ2. Los pacientes con un PST más prolongado eran más jóvenes en el inicio (t=2,8, p=0,006) y la duración de la enfermedad fue mayor (t=3,20, p=0,002) que en los pacientes con un PST más corto. Además, el número total de episodios depresivos que ocurrieron antes del primer tratamiento antidepresivo fue mayor en el grupo con PST más prolongado (t=-2,223, p < 0,03). Aunque están limitadas por la naturaleza retrospectiva del estudio, estas conclusiones preliminaries podrían indicar que un PST más prolongado puede influir negativamente en la evolución del TDM. Son necesarios estudios prospectivos de mayor tamaño para investigar con más profundidad el papel del PST en el TDM.

Keywords

Período sin tratamiento (PST)Trastorno depresivo mayor (TDM)Evolución a largo plazo
Type
Artículo original
Information
European Psychiatry (Ed. Española) , Volume 15 , Issue 4 , May 2008 , pp. 176 - 180
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2008

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