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Intervención farmacológica en la fase prodrómica inicial de la psicosis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2020

Stephan Ruhrmann ,
Frauke Schultze-Lutter ,
Wolfgang Maier  and
Joachim Klosterkötter
Stephan Ruhrmann
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría y Psicoterapia, Universidad de Colonia, Colonia, Alemania
Frauke Schultze-Lutter
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría y Psicoterapia, Universidad de Colonia, Colonia, Alemania
Wolfgang Maier
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría y Psicoterapia, Universidad de Bonn, Bonn, Alemania
Joachim Klosterkötter
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría y Psicoterapia, Universidad de Colonia, Colonia, Alemania
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Resumen

La identificación y el tratamiento tempranos de la esquizofrenia pueden aliviar los síntomas, retrasar el comienzo y mejorar la evolución de la psicosis. Así, la detección de individuos en situación de riesgo durante la fase prodrómica es una tarea importante. Los enfoques universales para la detección selectiva de la población general o los sujetos sanos en situación de riesgo no han resultado posibles hasta la fecha. Sin embargo, se han desarrollado criterios clínicos para detectar individuos en situación de riesgo ultra-elevado para entornos especializados, llevándose a la práctica en estudios de intervención. Este artículo examina la justificación racional para la detección e intervención tempranas de la psicosis, junto con una revisión de algunos estudios actuales. Éstos llevan a cabo la prevención utilizando estrategias de intervención psicológica, farmacológica o de ambos tipos y han demostrado resultados prometedores en individuos con riesgo alto. La Red Alemana de Investigación sobre Esquizofrenia (GRNS) está realizando dos estudios multicéntricos de intervención temprana; uno con intervención psicológica temprana en sujetos que manifiestan síntomas prodrómicos tempranos, aplicando el segundo ensayo tratamiento clínico e intervención farmacológica temprana en sujetos que experimentan síntomas prodrómicos tardíos (sujetos de riesgo alto). A pesar de los resultados prometedores, el tamaño de muestra de muchos de los estudios actuales es pequeño, con un periodo breve de duración del estudio. Los beneficios completos de la detección e intervención tempranas se deberían revelar después que se hayan realizado estudios más grandes y largos.

Keywords

Intervención tempranaPsicosisFase prodrómicaEsquizofreniaRed Alemana de Investigación sobre Esquizofrenia
Type
Artículo original
Information
European Psychiatry (Ed. Española) , Volume 12 , Issue 4 , May 2005 , pp. 217 - 222
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2005

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Footnotes

Ruhrmann S, Schultze-Lutter F, Maier W, Klosterkötter J. Pharmacological intervention in the initial prodromal phase of psychosis. Eur Psychiatry 2005;20:1-6.

References

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