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La Entrevista Neuropsiquiátrica Internacional Reducida (MINI). Una entrevista diagnóstica estructurada breve: fiabilidad y validez según la CIDI

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2020

Y. Lecrubier ,
D.V. Sheehan ,
E. Weiller ,
P. Amorim ,
I. Bonora ,
K. Harnett Sheehan ,
J. Janavs  and
G.C. Dunbar
Y. Lecrubier
Affiliation:
INSERM U302, Hospital de la Salpêtrière, 47, boulevard de I'Hôpital, 75651Paris Cedex 13, Francia
D.V. Sheehan
Affiliation:
Colegio de Medicina de la Universidad del Sur de Florida, 3515 E. Fletcher Avenue, Tampa, FL, EE UU
E. Weiller
Affiliation:
INSERM U302, Hospital de la Salpêtrière, 47, boulevard de I'Hôpital, 75651Paris Cedex 13, Francia
P. Amorim
Affiliation:
INSERM U302, Hospital de la Salpêtrière, 47, boulevard de I'Hôpital, 75651Paris Cedex 13, Francia
I. Bonora
Affiliation:
INSERM U302, Hospital de la Salpêtrière, 47, boulevard de I'Hôpital, 75651Paris Cedex 13, Francia
K. Harnett Sheehan
Affiliation:
Colegio de Medicina de la Universidad del Sur de Florida, 3515 E. Fletcher Avenue, Tampa, FL, EE UU
J. Janavs
Affiliation:
Colegio de Medicina de la Universidad del Sur de Florida, 3515 E. Fletcher Avenue, Tampa, FL, EE UU
G.C. Dunbar
Affiliation:
SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals, Reigate, Surrey, Reino Unido
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Resumen

La Entrevista Neuropsiquiátrica Internacional Reducida (MINI) es una entrevista diagnóstica estructurada (EDE) breve desarrollada en Francia y en los Estados Unidos para explorar 17 trastornos según los criterios diagnósticos del Manual Diagnóstico y Estadístico (DSM) III-R. La MINI está completamente estructurada para permitir su administratión por entrevistadores no especializados. Para mantener su brevedad, se centra en la existencia de trastornos actuales. Para cada trastorno, una o dos preguntas de detectión descartan el diagnóstico cuando reciben una respuesta negativa. Los sondeos para la gravedad, la discapacidad o los síntomas con explicación médica no se exploran síntoma por síntoma. Dos artículos conjuntos presentan la fiabilidad interevaluador y test-retest y la validez de la MINI frente a la Entrevista Diagnóstica Internacional Compuesta (CIDI) (en este artículo) y la Entrevista Clínica Estructurada para el DSM III-R - Pacientes (SCID-P) (artículo adjunto). Se administró la MINI y la CIDI como patrón de referencia a 346 pacientes (296 psiquiátricos y 50 no psiquiátricos). Dos investigadores entrevistaron a dos grupos de 42 sujetos y volvieron a hacerlo posteriormente en un plazo de dos días. Los entrevistadores habían sido adiestrados en el uso de ambos instrumentos. La duratión media de la entrevista fue de 21 min con la MINI y de 92 min para las secciones correspondientes de la CIDI. El coeficiente kappa, la sensibilidad y la especificidad fueron buenos o muy buenos para todos los diagnósticos, con la exceptión del trastorno por ansiedad generalizada (TAG) (kappa = 0,36), la agorafobia (sensibilidad = 0,59) y la bulimia (kappa = 0,53). Las fiabilidades interevaluador y test-retest fueron buenas. Se identificaron las razones principales para las discrepancias. La MINI proporcionaba diagnósticos fiables del DSM III-R en un marco temporal breve. El estudio permitió mejoras en las formulaciones para el TAG y la agorafobia en la versión actual para DSM IV de la MINI.

Keywords

entrevista diagnóstica estructuradadiagnóstico psiquiátricoMINI
Type
Artículo original
Information
European Psychiatry (Ed. Española) , Volume 5 , Issue 1 , February 1998 , pp. 13 - 21
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 1998

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