Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-j824f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T23:38:03.212Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Rehabilitación de Pacientes Después del Accidente Cerebro-vascular: Relación Entre Deficiencia Biológica (exploración de TC), Discapacidad física y Depresión Clínica

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2020

B. Bjerg Bendsen
Affiliation:
Amtshospitalet i Vordingborg, Hospital Psiquiátrico, DK-4760, Vordingborg
E. Bjerg Bendsen
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría, Frederiksborg General Hospital, DK-3400Hillerqd
L. Lauritzen
Affiliation:
Center Rehabilitation Hospital, Esbønderup, DK-3230Grœsted, Dinamarca
T. Vilmar
Affiliation:
Center Rehabilitation Hospital, Esbønderup, DK-3230Grœsted, Dinamarca
P. Bech
Affiliation:
Center Rehabilitation Hospital, Esbønderup, DK-3230Grœsted, Dinamarca
Get access

Resumen

Un estudio de 128 pacientes consecutivos con accidente cerebro-vascular (ACV) tromboembólico en un hospital de rehabilitación desde julio de 1988 hasta septiembre de 1990 encontró una prevalencia de depresión mayor de 17%. La población de pacientes se describió según los principios de la Clasificación Internacional de Deficiencias, Discapacidades y Minusvalías (ICIDH) de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) con arreglo a la deficiencia biológica, medida por exploración de tomografía computerizada (TC) del cerebro, el lado de la hemiparesia y la discapacidad física, medida por el movimiento funcional y las actividades de la vida diaria. La minusvalía, que se refiere a la interacción entre la discapacidad y la situación ambiental, y se define a menudo como la desventaja subjetiva de estar enfermo, no se midió en este estudio. A partir de los parámetros que describían la deficiencia biológica y la discapacidad física, se generó un índice de ACV con cuatro elementos. Las escalas de estimación psiquiátrica (la Escala de 17 elementos de Hamilton para la Depresión [HAM-D], la Escala de Melancolía [MES] y la Escala de Depresión Diagnóstica de Newcastle) y el nuevo índice de ACV mostraron coeficientes alfa de Cronbach y un coeficiente de Loevinger adecuados, lo que indica que estas escalas tienen tanto una correlación de los elementos como una homogeneidad (estructura jerárquica adecuada) apropiadas. Así, el índice de deficiencia-discapacidad de ACV parece ser una medida significativa de los factores específicos de esta enfermedad. No hubo correlación entre el índice de ACV y las escalas de estimación psiquiátrica que miden la dimensión emocional de la discapacidad causada por la enfermedad, expresada como depresión. Los resultados indican que la depresión encontrada entre los pacientes con accidente cerebro-vascular no es una reacción simple a la discapacidad física inducida por éste.

Type
Artículo original
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 1998

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

BIBLIOGRAFIA

Allerup, PSorber, G. The Rash model for questionnaires. Reportno 16. Copenhagen: Danish Inst Educ Res, 1977.Google Scholar
Barry, SDinan, G. Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor function in post-stroke depression. Psychol Med 1990a; 20: 305-9.Google Scholar
Barry, SPhillips, OMWilliams, DCDinan, TG, Platelet 5-HT uptake in post-stroke depression. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1990b; 82: 88-9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bech, P. Rating scales for psychopathology, health status and quality of life. A compendium on documentation in accordance with the DSM III-R and WHO-systems. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1993.Google Scholar
Bech, P et al. The use of rating scales exemplified by a comparison of the Hamilton and the Bech-Rafaelsen Melancholia Scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1980; 62 (suppl): 128-31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bech, PStage, KBNair, NPVLarsen, JKKragh-Sørensen, PGjerris, A. The Major Depression Rating Scale (MDS). Inter-rater reliability and validity across different settings in randomized moclobemide triais. J Ajfect Disord 1997; 42: 3948.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bryer, JBStarkstein, SEVotypka, VParikh, MPrice, TRRobinson, RG. Reduction of CSF monoamine metabolites in post-stroke depression: a preliminary report. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 1992; 4: 440-2.Google Scholar
Carney, MWPRoth, MGarside, RR. The diagnosis of depressive syndromes and prediction of ECT response. Br J Psychiat 1965; III: 659-74.Google Scholar
Charaton, FBFisk, A. Mental and emotional results after stroke. NY State Med J 1978 55.Google Scholar
Cronbach, LJMeehl, PE. Construct validity in psychological tests. Psychol Bull 1955; 52: 281302.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dam, FlPedersen, HEAhlgren, P. Depression among patients with stroke. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1989; 80: 118-24.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Engberg, AGarde, BKreiner, S. Rasch analysis in the development of a rating scale for assessment of mobility after stroke. Acta Neurol Scand 1995; 91: 2836.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fedoroff, JPRobinson, RG. Tricyclic antidepressants in the treatment of post-stroke depression. J Clin Psychiatry 1989; 50: 7 (suppl): 1823.Google Scholar
Hamilton, M. Development of a Rating Scale of Primary Depressive Illness. Br J Soc Clin Psychol 1967; 6: 278-96.Google ScholarPubMed
House, ADennis, MWarlow, CHawton, KMolyneux, A. The relationship between intellectual impairment and mood-disorder in the first year after stroke. Psychol Med 1990; 20: 805-14.Google Scholar
Johnson, MLRoberts, MDRoss, ARWitten, CM, Methylphenidate in stroke patients with depression. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 1992; 71:4: 239-41.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lauritzen, LBjerg Bendsen, BVilmar, TBjerg Bendsen, ELunde, MBech, P. Post-stroke depression: combines treatment with imipramine or desipramine and mianserin. Psychopharmacology 1994; 114: 119-22.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lazaras, LWWinemiller, DRLingam, VRNeyman, IHartman, CAbassian, MKartan, UGroves, LFawcett, J. Efficacy and side effects of Methylphenidate for post-stroke depression. J Clin Psychiatry 1992; 53: 447-9.Google Scholar
Lingam, VRLazaras, LWGroces, LOh, SH. Methylphenidate in treating post-stroke depression. J Clin Psychiatry 1988; 49: 151-3.Google Scholar
Lipsey, JRRobinson, RGPearlson, GDRao, KPrice, TR, Nortriptyline treatment of post-stroke depression: a double blind study. Lancet 1984: 297300.Google Scholar
Loevinger, J. Objective tests as measurement of psychological theory. Psychol Reports 1957: 635-99.Google Scholar
Loldrup, DLangemark, MHansen, HJKastrup, MJeppesen, KBonnevie, O et al. The validity of the melancholia scale (MES) in predicting outcome of antidepressants in chronic idiopathic pain disorders. Eur Psychiatr 1991; 6: 119-25.Google Scholar
Mahoney, FLBarthel, DW. Functional evaluation: the Barthel Index. Maryland State Med J 1965; 14: 61-5,Google ScholarPubMed
Murray, GBShea, VConn, DK. Electroconvulsive therapy for post-stroke depression. J Clin Psychiatry 1987; 47: 258-60.Google Scholar
Reding, MJOrto, LAWinter, SWFortuna, IMPonte, PDMcDowell, FH. Antidepressant Therapy After Stroke. A double-blind trial. Arch Neurol 1986; 43: 763-5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Robinson, RGStarr, LBKubos, LKPrice, TR. A two year longitudinal study of post-stroke mood disorders: findings during the initial evaluation. Stroke 1983; 14: 736-41.Google ScholarPubMed
Robinson, RGStarr, LBPrice, TR. A two year longitudinal study of mood disorders following stroke. Prevalence and duration of six months follow up. Br J Psychiatry 1984; 144: 256-62.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Robinson, RGMorris, PLPFedoroff, JP. Depression and cerebrovascular disease. J Clin Psychiatry 1990; 57: 7 (suppl): 2631.Google Scholar
Turner, RJBeiser, M. Major depression and depressive symptomatology among the physically disabled. Assessing the role of chronic stress. J Nerv Ment Dis 1990; 178: 343-50.Google ScholarPubMed
Wood, PHN. The international classification of impairments, disabilities and handicaps of the World Health Organization. In: Leidl, RPotthotff, PSchwefel, D, Eds. European Approach to Patient Classification Systems. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1990: 83101.Google Scholar
World Health Organization. International classification of impairments, disabilities and handicaps. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1980.Google Scholar