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Management of black pod rot in cacao (Theobroma cacaoL.): a review

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 December 2011

Yanelis Acebo-Guerrero ,
Annia Hernández-Rodríguez ,
Mayra Heydrich-Pérez ,
Mondher El Jaziri  and
Ana N. Hernández-Lauzardo
Yanelis Acebo-Guerrero
Affiliation:
Fac. Biol., Univ. La Habana, Calle 25, No 455, entre I y J, Vedado, La Habana, Cuba
Annia Hernández-Rodríguez
Affiliation:
Fac. Biol., Univ. La Habana, Calle 25, No 455, entre I y J, Vedado, La Habana, Cuba
Mayra Heydrich-Pérez
Affiliation:
Fac. Biol., Univ. La Habana, Calle 25, No 455, entre I y J, Vedado, La Habana, Cuba
Mondher El Jaziri
Affiliation:
Lab. Biotechnol. Veg., Univ. Libre de Bruxelles, Rue Adrienne Bolland 8, Gosselies 6041, Belgium
Ana N. Hernández-Lauzardo
Affiliation:
Cent. Desarro. Prod. Biót., Inst. Politéc. Nac., Carret. Yautepec-Jojutla km 6, Calle CEPROBI No. 8, Col. San Isidro, CP 62731, Yautepec, Morelos, México. anhernandez@ipn.mx
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Abstract

Introduction Theobroma cacao L. is economically speakingthe most important species of the genus Theobroma. Cacao is cultured intropical regions and its yield is affected by several diseases, such as black pod.Black pod rot in cacao. Cacao black pod, particularly, is an economicallyserious problem in all areas of the world where cacao is grown, causing significant podlosses of up to 30% and killing up to 10% of the trees annually. The disease is caused bydifferent species of the stramenopile genus Phytophthora and, once it hasinfected a cacao field, its control is fairly difficult. Black pod rot controlstrategies. Several approaches are used to manage black pod: chemical control,phytosanitary and cultural methods, genetic resistance, and biological control. Losses inyield due to black pod could be reduced through integrated management practices, althoughthe results may vary for each cacao-growing region. Main challenges and newapproaches Black pod control could be achieved if an integrated managementstrategy is established, with the combination of biological and chemical methods, geneticcontrol, and adequate cultural methods in an integrated program.

Keywords

CubaTheobroma cacaoplant diseasesPhytophthorarotsdisease controlalternative methodsCubaTheobroma cacaomaladie des plantesPhytophthorapourriturecontrôle de maladiesméthode alternativeCubaTheobroma cacaoenfermedades de las plantasPhytophthorapodredumbrescontrol de enfermedadesmétodos alternativos
Type
Review
Information
Fruits , Volume 67 , Issue 1 , January 2012 , pp. 41 - 48
Copyright
© 2012 Cirad/EDP Sciences

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