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Biochemical mechanisms of resistance to insects in soybean: extraction and fractionation of antifeedants

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

H. C. Sharma  and
D. M. Norris
H. C. Sharma
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, 237 Russel Laboratories, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
D. M. Norris
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, 237 Russel Laboratories, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Abstract

Leaf extractables/fractions obtained from the leaves of soybean PI 227687 showed greater antifeedant activity towards the third-instar larvae of the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni (Hub.). Extraction of leaves with ethyl acetate followed by 60% methanol, and counter-current partitioning of leaf extractables between ethyl acetate, water and hexane was not convenient for isolation of antifeedants. Methanol (60%) in water extracted most of the antifeedants from leaves, and this extract when partitioned between ethyl acetate and water (the latter repeatedly extracted with the former), concentrated the antifeedants from soybean leaves for further processing on thin layer chromatography or high performance liquid chromatography.

There were quantitative differences in ethyl acetate fraction of PI 227687 (6%) and Davis (3.2%), and in flavonoids resolved at Rf 0.10–0.20 in benzene: ethyl acetate: methanol (4:3:3). Most of the flavonoids with antifeedant activity resolved at Rf 0.10–0.80. The antifeedant activity of flavonoid bands from PI 227687 was greater than the corresponding bands of Davis.

Résumé

Les extraits ou fractions foliaires obtenus á partir des feuilles de PI 227687 ont montré une activité phagodissuasive élevée sur les larves du troisiéme stad de l'arpenteuse du chou, Trichoplusia ni (Hub.). L'extraction des feuilles effectuée avec l'acétate d'éthyle suivie du méthanol à 60%, et la séparation à contre-courant des extraits foliaires entre l'acétate d'éthyle, l'eau et l'hexane n'ont pas facilité l'isolement des phagodissuadents. Le méthanol (60%) dans l'eau a permis d'extraire la plupart des phagodissuadants àpartir des feuilles. Séparé entre l'acétate d'éthyle et l'eau (la fraction aqueuse se séparé à plusieurs reprises de celle d'acétate d'éthyle) cet extrait a permis de concentrer les phagodissuadants à partir des feuilles de soja pour un deuxiéme traitement par la chromatographie sur couchemince ou la chromatographie liquide à haute performance.

On a constaté des différences quantitatives dans la fraction d'acétate d'éthyle de PI 227687 (6%) et celle de Davis (3,2%), ainsi que dans les flavonoïdes résolus entre Rf 0,10 et 0,20 dans le système benzène: acétate d'éthyle: méthanol (4:3:3). La plupart des flavonoïdes ayant une activitéphagodissuasive se sont résolus à Rf 0,10–0,80. De plus, l'activité phagodissuasive des bands de flavonoïds de PI 227687 était plus élevée que les bands correspondantes de Davis.

Keywords

Sojaphagodissuadantsflavonoïdesarpenteuse du chourésistance variétaleSoybeanantifeedantsflavonoidscabbage looperhost-plant resistance
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 15 , Issue 1 , February 1994 , pp. 31 - 38
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1994

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