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Milk fatty acid profile related to energy balance in dairy cows

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 August 2011

Josef Gross ,
Hendrika A van Dorland ,
Rupert M Bruckmaier  and
Frieder J Schwarz
Josef Gross
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Sciences, Chair of Animal Nutrition, Technical University of Munich, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 6, D-85350 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
Hendrika A van Dorland
Affiliation:
Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bremgartenstr. 109a, CH-3001 Bern, Switzerland
Rupert M Bruckmaier
Affiliation:
Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bremgartenstr. 109a, CH-3001 Bern, Switzerland
Frieder J Schwarz*
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Sciences, Chair of Animal Nutrition, Technical University of Munich, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 6, D-85350 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
*
*For correspondence; e-mail: schwarzf@wzw.tum.de
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Abstract

Milk fatty acid (FA) profile is a dynamic pattern influenced by lactational stage, energy balance and dietary composition. In the first part of this study, effects of the energy balance during the proceeding lactation [weeks 1–21 post partum (pp)] on milk FA profile of 30 dairy cows were evaluated under a constant feeding regimen. In the second part, effects of a negative energy balance (NEB) induced by feed restriction on milk FA profile were studied in 40 multiparous dairy cows (20 feed-restricted and 20 control). Feed restriction (energy balance of −63 MJ NEL/d, restriction of 49 % of energy requirements) lasted 3 weeks starting at around 100 days in milk. Milk FA profile changed markedly from week 1 pp up to week 12 pp and remained unchanged thereafter. The proportion of saturated FA (predominantly 10:0, 12:0, 14:0 and 16:0) increased from week 1 pp up to week 12 pp, whereas monounsaturated FA, predominantly the proportion of 18:1,9c decreased as NEB in early lactation became less severe. During the induced NEB, milk FA profile showed a similarly directed pattern as during the NEB in early lactation, although changes were less marked for most FA. Milk FA composition changed rapidly within one week after initiation of feed restriction and tended to adjust to the initial composition despite maintenance of a high NEB. C18:1,9c was increased significantly during the induced NEB indicating mobilization of a considerable amount of adipose tissue. Besides 18:1,9c, changes in saturated FA, monounsaturated FA, de-novo synthesized and preformed FA (sum of FA >C16) reflected energy status in dairy cows and indicated the NEB in early lactation as well as the induced NEB by feed restriction.

Keywords

Milk fatfatty acidsenergy balancedairy cow
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Dairy Research , Volume 78 , Issue 4 , November 2011 , pp. 479 - 488
Copyright
Copyright © Proprietors of Journal of Dairy Research 2011

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