Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-j824f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-15T02:41:53.243Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The Subsidy as a Purely Normative Concept

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 November 2008

Martin Ricketts
Affiliation:
Economics, University of Buckingham

Abstract

Although the term ‘subsidy’ is commonly used in the context of social, industrial, and trade policy, there is no general agreement concerning its precise definition. This paper argues that current usage of the term ‘subsidy’ does not permit us to isolate a distinct policy instrument. Instead, subsidies exist when the tax system fails to accord with specified ‘norms’. Thus, the subsidy turns out to be a normative concept and is defined relative to desired ends. Explicit acceptance of the normative character of subsidies might clarify policy disputes by distinguishing between disagreements over ends, and disagreements about technical relationships.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1985

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Aaron, H.J. (1972) Shelter and Subsidies: Who Benefits from Federal Housing Policies? Brookings Institution, Washington DC.Google Scholar
Atkinson, A. B. and King, M. A. (1980), Housing Policy, Taxation and Reform, Midland Bank Review, spring, 715.Google Scholar
Atkinson, A. B. and Stiglitz, J. E. (1980) Lectures on Public Economics, McGraw-Hill, London.Google Scholar
Demsetz, H. (1969) Information and Efficiency: Another Viewpoint, Journal of Law and Economics, 12, 1, 122.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Laidler, D. (1969) Income Tax Incentives for Owner-Occupied Housing in Harberger, A. C. and Bailey, M. J. (eds.) The Taxation of Income from Capital, Brookings Institution, Washington DC, 5076.Google Scholar
Marglin, S. A. (1967) Public Investment Criteria, Cambridge, Mass: MIT.Google Scholar
Musgrave, R. A. (1969) Provision for Social Goods, in Margolis, J. and Guitton, H. (eds.), Public Economics, Macmillan, London.Google Scholar
Prest, A. R. (1974) How Much Subsidy? Research Monograph 32, Institute of Economic Affairs, London.Google Scholar
Prest, A. R. (1976) The Economic Rationale of Subsidies to Industry, in Whiting, A. (ed), The Economics of Industrial Subsidies, Department of Industry, HMSO, London, 6574.Google Scholar
Rosenthal, L. (1983) Subsidies to the Personal Sector in Millward, R. et al. , (eds.) Surveys in Economics: Public Sector Economics, Longman, London, 78124.Google Scholar
Shoup, C. S. (1967) Negative Taxes, Welfare Payments and Subsidies, Rivista Di Diritto Finanziario e Scienza Della Finanze. 26, 4, 552569.Google Scholar
Shoup, C. S. (1973) The Terminology of Subsidies, in Essays in Honour of G. V. Papi, Cedan, Padua, 307321.Google Scholar
Smith, Adam (1925) The Wealth of Nations. Cannan edition. Methuen.Google Scholar
Surrey, S. S. (1981) The Concept of Tax Reliefs – Its Relation to Tax Policy, and Budget Policy in Hauser, Karl, (ed.) Subsidies Tax Reliefs and Prices, Proceedings of 33rd Congress of International Institute of Public Finance, Varna, 3355.Google Scholar
Tanzi, V. (1980) Inflation and the Personal Income Tax, Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wildavsky, (1985) Keeping Kosher: the Epistemology of Tax Expenditures, Journal of Public Policy, infra.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whiting, A., (ed.) (1976) The Economics of Industrial Subsidies, Dept. of Industry, HMSO, London.Google Scholar
Willis, J. R. M. and Hardwick, P. J. W. (1978) Tax Expenditures in the United Kingdom, Heincmann Educational Books, London.Google Scholar