We show that if a unital injective endomorphism of a $C^{\ast }$-algebra admits a transfer operator, then both of them are compressions of mutually inverse automorphisms of a bigger algebra. More generally, every interaction group – in the sense of Exel – extending an action of an Ore semigroup by injective unital endomorphisms of a $C^{\ast }$-algebra, admits a dilation to an action of the corresponding enveloping group on another unital $C^{\ast }$-algebra, of which the former is a $C^{\ast }$-subalgebra: the interaction group is obtained by composing the action with a conditional expectation. The dilation is essentially unique if a certain natural condition of minimality is imposed, and it is faithful if and only if the interaction group is also faithful.

Hardy space theory has been studied on manifolds or metric measure spaces equipped with either Gaussian or sub-Gaussian heat kernel behaviour. However, there are natural examples where one finds a mix of both behaviours (locally Gaussian and at infinity sub-Gaussian), in which case the previous theory does not apply. Still we define molecular and square function Hardy spaces using appropriate scaling, and we show that they agree with Lebesgue spaces in some range. Besides, counterexamples are given in this setting that the $H^{p}$ space corresponding to Gaussian estimates may not coincide with $L^{p}$ . As a motivation for this theory, we show that the Riesz transform maps our Hardy space $H^{1}$ into $L^{1}$ .

Let $a\in \mathbb{R}$ , and let $k(a)$ be the largest constant such that $\sup |\text{cos}(na)-\cos (nb)|<k(a)$ for $b\in \mathbb{R}$ implies that $b\in \pm a+2\unicode[STIX]{x1D70B}\mathbb{Z}$ . We show that if a cosine sequence $(C(n))_{n\in \mathbb{Z}}$ with values in a Banach algebra $A$ satisfies $\sup _{n\geq 1}\Vert C(n)-\cos (na).1_{A}\Vert <k(a)$ , then $C(n)=\cos (na).1_{A}$ for $n\in \mathbb{Z}$ . Since $\!\sqrt{5}/2\leq k(a)\leq 8/3\!\sqrt{3}$ for every $a\in \mathbb{R}$ , this shows that if some cosine family $(C(g))_{g\in G}$ over an abelian group $G$ in a Banach algebra satisfies $\sup _{g\in G}\Vert C(g)-c(g)\Vert <\!\sqrt{5}/2$ for some scalar cosine family $(c(g))_{g\in G}$ , then $C(g)=c(g)$ for $g\in G$ , and the constant $\!\sqrt{5}/2$ is optimal. We also describe the set of all real numbers $a\in [0,\unicode[STIX]{x1D70B}]$ satisfying $k(a)\leq \frac{3}{2}$ .

Paolo Aluffi, inspired by an algebro-geometric problem, asked when the Kirchhoff polynomial of a graph is in the Jacobian ideal of the Kirchhoff polynomial of the same graph with one edge deleted. We give some results on which graph–edge pairs have this property. In particular, we show that multiple edges can be reduced to double edges, we characterize which edges of wheel graphs satisfy the property, we consider a stronger condition which guarantees the property for any parallel join, and we find a class of series–parallel graphs with the property.

We study the boundedness from $H^{p(\cdot )}(\mathbb{R}^{n})$ into $L^{q(\cdot )}(\mathbb{R}^{n})$ of certain generalized Riesz potentials and the boundedness from $H^{p(\cdot )}(\mathbb{R}^{n})$ into $H^{q(\cdot )}(\mathbb{R}^{n})$ of the Riesz potential, both results are achieved via the finite atomic decomposition developed in Cruz-Uribe and Wang [‘Variable Hardy spaces’, Indiana University Mathematics Journal63(2) (2014), 447–493].

We discuss the internal structure of graph products of right LCM semigroups and prove that there is an abundance of examples without property (AR). Thereby we provide the first examples of right LCM semigroups lacking this seemingly common feature. The results are particularly sharp for right-angled Artin monoids.