A selected bibliographic guide to publications on the lichen floras of the world arranged by continent and country is provided. This is supplemented by information on further sources of data, including world monographs, literature compilations, lichenological journals, exsiccatae, and compendia of herbaria. About 1390 references to the literature are provided. An index to countries and islands treated is included.

The byssoid lichen genus, Roccellinastrum, consists of three species in Tasmania.Two of these, R. flavescens and R. lagarostrobi, are described as new. Both species grow exclusively on the leaves of Tasmanian endemic conifers and are recognized by a combination of morphological, chemical and anatomical characters. Usnic acid, found in R. flavescens, is recorded in the genus for the first time. Relationships with South American species are discussed.

The lichen colonization of recently created urban wasteland is described by referenceto 40 sites in England, Scotland and Wales. The 100 species encountered form a series of overlapping communities in which successional relationships over the first 16 years have been investigated. Floristic variation within towns tends to be greater than variation between them. Ona national scale climatological, geological and historical factors appear to play only a small part in determining the composition of this pioneering flora. Many species can be accommodated within the strategy group stress-tolerant ruderals; a few possess the character of ruderals. The heyday of this component of the urban flora may be drawing to a close. Acarospora heppii f. luteopruinosa, Lecidea polycarpella and Micarea excipulata are reported as new to Britain.