Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-p9bg8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T14:12:17.841Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Just the Facts? Media Coverage of Female and Male High Court Appointees in Five Democracies

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 May 2016

Maria C. Escobar-Lemmon
Affiliation:
Texas A&M University
Valerie Hoekstra
Affiliation:
Arizona State University
Alice Kang
Affiliation:
University of Nebraska–Lincoln
Miki Caul Kittilson
Affiliation:
Arizona State University

Abstract

In this article, we examine gender differences in news media portrayals of nominees to high courts and whether those differences vary across country and time. Although past research has examined gender differences in news media coverage of candidates for elective office, few studies have looked at media coverage of high court nominees. As women are increasingly nominated to courts around the world, it is important to examine how nominations are covered by the news media and whether there is significant variation in coverage based on gender. We analyze media coverage of high court justices in five democracies: Argentina, Australia, Canada, South Africa, and the United States. We compare coverage of women appointed to the highest court with coverage of the most temporally proximate male nominees. We also compare coverage over time within each country as well as between countries that nominated women early with those that did so more recently. We find some evidence of gendered coverage, especially with regard to the attention paid to the gender of the women appointees.

Type
Thematic Issue: Women, Media, and Politics in a Comparative Perspective
Copyright
Copyright © The Women and Politics Research Section of the American Political Science Association 2016 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Acker, Elizabeth van. 2003. “Media Representations of Women Politicians in Australia and New Zealand: High Expectations, Hostility or Stardom.” Policy and Society 22 (1): 116–36.Google Scholar
Aday, Sean, and Devitt, James. 2001. “Style Over Substance: Newspaper Coverage of Elizabeth Dole's Presidential Bid.” International Journal of Press/Politics 6 (2): 6173.Google Scholar
Brooks, Deborah Jordan. 2013. He Runs, She Runs: Why Gender Stereotypes Do Not Harm Women Candidates. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Bystrom, Dianne G. 2006. “Advertising, Web Sites, and Media Coverage: Gender and Communication along the Campaign Trail.” In Gender and Elections, eds. Carroll, Susan J. and Fox, Richard L.. New York: Cambridge University Press, 239–62.Google Scholar
Bystrom, Dianne G., Robertson, Terry A., and Banwart, Mary Christine. 2001. “Framing the Fight: An Analysis of Media Coverage of Female and Male Candidates in Primary Races for Governor and Senate in 2000.” American Behavioral Scientist 44 (12): 19992013.Google Scholar
Deutchman, Iva E., and Ellison, Anne. 2004. “When Feminists Don't Fit: The Case of Pauline Hanson.” International Feminist Journal of Politics 6 (1): 2952.Google Scholar
Dolan, Kathleen. 2014. “Gender Stereotypes, Candidate Evaluations, and Voting for Women Candidates: What Really Matters?Political Research Quarterly 67 (1): 96107.Google Scholar
Everitt, Joanna. 2003. “Media in the Maritimes: Do Female Candidates Face a Bias?Atlantis 27 (2): 9098.Google Scholar
Fox, Richard L., and Lawless, Jennifer L.. 2010. “If Only They'd Ask: Gender, Recruitment, and Political Ambition.” Journal of Politics 72 (2): 310–26.Google Scholar
Fox, Richard L., and Lawless, Jennifer L.. 2011. “Gendered Perceptions and Political Candidacies: A Central Barrier to Women's Equality in Electoral Politics.” American Journal of Political Science 55 (1): 5973.Google Scholar
Gidengil, Elisabeth, and Everitt, Joanna. 2003. “Tough Talk: How Television News Covers Male and Female Leaders of Canadian Political Parties.” In Women and Electoral Politics in Canada, eds. Tremblay, Manon and Trimble, Linda. Toronto: Oxford University Press, 194210.Google Scholar
Gingras, Francois-Pierre. 1995. “Daily Male Delivery: Women and Politics in the Daily Newspaper.” In Gender and Politics in Contemporary Canada, ed. Gingras, Francois-Pierre. Toronto: Oxford University Press, 191207.Google Scholar
Harp, Dustin, Loke, Jaime, and Bachmann, Ingrid. 2010. “First Impressions of Sarah Palin: Pit Bulls, Politics, Gender Performance, and a Discursive Media (Re)contextualization.” Communication, Culture & Critique 3(3): 291309.Google Scholar
Hayes, Danny, and Lawless, Jennifer L.. 2015. “A Non-Gendered Lens? Media, Voters, and Female Candidates in Contemporary Congressional Elections.” Perspectives on Politics 13 (1): 95118.Google Scholar
Heldman, Caroline, Carroll, Sue, and Olson, Stephanie. 2005. “‘She Brought Only a Skirt’: Print Media Coverage of Elizabeth Dole's Bid for the Presidential Nomination.” Political Communication 22 (3): 315–35.Google Scholar
Hoekstra, Valerie J. 2010. “Increasing the Gender Diversity of High Courts: A Comparative View.” Politics & Gender 6 (3): 474–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoekstra, Valerie, Kittilson, Miki Caul, and Bond, Elizabeth Andrews. 2014. “Gender, High Courts, and Ideas about Representation in Western Europe.” In Representation: The Case of Women, eds. Escobar-Lemmon, Maria C. and Taylor-Robinson, Michelle M.. Oxford University Press, 103–17.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hughes, Melanie M., and Paxton, Pamela. 2007. “Familiar Theories from a New Perspective: The Implications of a Longitudinal Approach to Women in Politics Research.” Politics & Gender 3 (3): 370–78.Google Scholar
Jalalzai, Farida. 2006. “Women Candidates and the Media: 1992–2000 Elections.” Politics & Policy 34 (3): 606–33.Google Scholar
Kahn, Kim Fridkin. 1992. “Does Being Male Help? An Investigation of Gender and Media Effects in U.S. Senate Races.” Journal of Politics 54 (2): 497517.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kahn, Kim Fridkin. 1994. “Does Gender Make a Difference? An Experimental Examination of Sex Stereotypes and Press Patterns in Statewide Campaigns.” American Journal of Political Science 38 (1): 162–95.Google Scholar
Kahn, Kim Fridkin. 1996. The Political Consequences of Being a Woman: How Stereotypes Influence the Conduct and Consequences of Political Campaigns. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Kahn, Kim Fridkin, and Goldenberg, Edie. 1991. “Women Candidates in the News: An Examination of Gender Differences in U.S. Senate Campaigns.” Public Opinion Quarterly 55 (2): 180–99.Google Scholar
Kenney, Sally J. 2012. Gender and Justice: Why Women in the Judiciary Really Matter. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Kittilson, Miki Caul, and Fridkin, Kim. 2008. “Gender, Candidate Portrayals and Election Campaigns: A Comparative Perspective.” Politics & Gender 4 (3): 122.Google Scholar
Meyer, John W., Boli, John, Thomas, George M., and Ramirez, Francisco. 1997. “World Society and the Nation State.” American Journal of Sociology 103 (1): 144–80.Google Scholar
Murray, Rainbow. 2010. “Introduction: Gender Stereotypes and Media Coverage of Women Candidates.” In Cracking the Highest Glass Ceiling: A Global Comparison of Women's Campaigns for Executive Office, ed. Murray, Rainbow. New York: Praeger, 3–28.Google Scholar
Norris, Pippa. 1997. “Women Leaders Worldwide: A Splash of Color in the Photo Op.” In Women, Media and Politics, ed. Pippa Norris. New York: Oxford University Press, 149–65.Google Scholar
Robinson, Gertrude, and Saint-Jean, Armande. 1995. “The Portrayal of Women Politicians in the Media.” In Gender and Politics in Contemporary Canada, ed. Gingras, Francois-Pierre. Toronto: Oxford University Press, 176–90.Google Scholar
Sampert, Shannon, and Trimble, Linda. 2003. “Wham, Bam, No Thank You Ma'am: Gender and the Game Frame in National Newspaper Coverage of Election 2000.” In Women and Electoral Politics in Canada, eds. Tremblay, Manon and Trimble, Linda. Toronto: Oxford University Press, 211–26.Google Scholar
Smith, Kevin B. 1997. “When All's Fair: Signs of Parity in Media Coverage of Female Candidates.” Political Communication 14 (1): 7182.Google Scholar
Williams, Margaret S., and Thames, Frank C.. 2008Women's Representation on High Courts in Advanced Industrialized CountriesPolitics & Gender 4 (3): 451–71.Google Scholar
Supplementary material: File

Escobar-Lemmon supplementary material

Appendix

Download Escobar-Lemmon supplementary material(File)
File 13.8 KB
Supplementary material: File

Escobar-Lemmon supplementary material

Abstract

Download Escobar-Lemmon supplementary material(File)
File 14 KB