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Thigh circumference percentile curves for the UK child and youth population

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 August 2011

H. D. McCarthy
H. D. McCarthy
Affiliation:
Institute for Health Research and Policy, London Metropolitan University, Holloway Road, London N7 8DB, UK
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Abstract

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Proceedings of the Nutrition Society , Volume 70 , Issue OCE3: Joint Irish Section and American Society for Nutrition Meeting, 15–17 June 2011, 70th anniversary: ‘Vitamins in early development and healthy ageing: impact on infectious and chronic disease’ , 2011 , E80
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Copyright © The Author 2011

There is growing evidence to suggest that thigh circumference (TC) is an independent measure of metabolic health in adults as recently demonstrated where a smaller TC was associated with the development of cardiovascular morbidity and early mortality(Reference Heitmann and Frederiksen1). Although there has been limited research on TC and health in children(Reference Lassek and Gaulin2), TC percentile charts are now appearing in the literature(Reference Moreno, Mesana and Gonzalez-Gross3). The objective of this study was to construct TC percentile curves for British children.

Secondary analysis of data on 8079 children (3502 boys, 4577 girls) aged 5–17 years collected in 1977 and 1987 (prior to the rise in obesity prevalence) was conducted. TC was measured to the nearest 0.1 cm around the top of the thigh immediately below the gluteal fold(4). Decimal age was recorded. Smoothed percentile curves for TC were constructed separately for boys and girls using the LMS method(Reference Cole5).

Figures 1 and 2 show the TC percentile curves for the 2nd, 9th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 91st and 98th percentiles (cm) for boys and girls, respectively. An age-related increase in TC followed a similar pattern between boys and girls with neither gender showing evidence of reaching a plateau at the upper end of the age range. Median values were consistently greater in girls from age 5 years. There was a suggestion of a pubertal effect on TC in girls, with them tending to show a steeper increase at approximately ages 11–13 years, whereas in boys, there was no obvious increase in the slope of the curves. The adult TC below which risk for CVD or premature death was increased, equated to approximately the 91st percentile at age 16 years in this reference group.

Fig. 1. Boys.

Fig. 2. Girls.

These curves represent the first of their kind in British children. They can be added to the suite of existing references for childhood growth and body composition. They will now allow calculation of individual sd scores for TC in current and future epidemiological studies that incorporate children's thigh measurement into body composition and metabolic health studies.

References

1.Heitmann, BL & Frederiksen, P (2009) Br Med J 339, b3292.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2.Lassek, WD & Gaulin, SJ (2007) Am J Phys Anthropol 133, 1147–1151.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3.Moreno, LA, Mesana, MI, Gonzalez-Gross, M et al. (2007) Int J Obes 31, 1798–1805.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4.BSI (1990) Body Measurements of Boys and Girls from Birth up to 16.9 Years, BS7231. London: British Standards Institute.Google Scholar
5.Cole, TJ (1990) Eur J Clin Nutr 44, 45–60.Google Scholar
Figure 0

Fig. 1. Boys.

Figure 1

Fig. 2. Girls.