Published online by Cambridge University Press: 14 November 2011
We introduce the notion of a double MS-algebra (L, 0, +) as an MS-algebra (L, 0) whose dual isan MS-algebra (Ld, +), with certain linking conditions concerning the operations x↦x0 and x↦x+. We determine necessary and sufficient conditions whereby an MS-algebra can be made into a double MS-algebra and show that this, when possible, can be done in one and only one way. We also consider the notion of a bistable subvariety of MS-algebras, namely a subvariety R with the property that, for every double MS-algebra (L, 0, +), whenever L, 0 ↦ R, we have (Ld,+)↦ R. Finally, we determine those subvarieties R of MS that are dense (in the sense that every MS-algebra L ↦ R can be made into a double MS-algebra), and those that are sparse (in the sense that if L ↦ R can be made into a double MS-algebra then it belongs to a proper subclass of R).