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Comportement de radionucléides (Cs, I, Sr, Se, Tc) dans le sol : proposition de valeurs de Kd par défaut

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 June 2005

S. Roussel-Debet  and
C. Colle
S. Roussel-Debet
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de radioécologie et d’écotoxicologie, IRSN, DEI/SECRE/LRE, Bâtiment 186, Cadarache, B.P. 3, 13115 St-Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
C. Colle
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de radioécologie et d’écotoxicologie, IRSN, DEI/SECRE/LRE, Bâtiment 186, Cadarache, B.P. 3, 13115 St-Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
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Abstract

Le paramètre le plus simple et le plus commun pour modéliser la mobilité d’un radionucléide dans un sol est le coefficient de distribution, Kd. Réciproquement, la valeur empirique de Kd est supposée représenter différents mécanismes biochimiques et physiques eux-mêmes influencés par de nombreuses variables. Les valeurs de Kd varient avec les sols et les radionucléides. En conséquence, l'utilisation de valeurs de Kd « par défaut » dans un modèle d'évaluation du comportement d’un radionucléide dans des sols peut aboutir à une incertitude non négligeable. L’étude systématique de cinq radionucléides (Cs, I, Sr, Se, Tc) est faite en termes de comportement dans les sols, mécanismes principaux, cinétiques, réversibilité/irréversibilité de la sorption... Pour chaque radionucléide, une base de données de Kd est constituée, comprenant les données primaires utilisées pour établir les valeurs par défaut les plus communes et de nouvelles données issues des publications récentes. Une fiche synthétique récapitule les paramètres les plus importants influençant significativement leur mobilité, propose une valeur par défaut pour le Kd et suggère les expériences minimales qui pourraient être utiles pour acquérir des valeurs de Kd plus appropriées au comportement du radionucléide.

Keywords

Kdsoilradionuclidesreview
Type
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Information
Radioprotection , Volume 40 , Issue 2 , April 2005 , pp. 203 - 229
Copyright
© EDP Sciences, 2005

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