Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dk4vv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T08:46:14.434Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

¿Hubo convergencia económica entre los países europeos antes de la I Guerra Mundial?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 April 2010

Daniel A. Tirado Fabregat  and
Jordi Pons Novell
Daniel A. Tirado Fabregat
Affiliation:
Universitat de Barcelona
Jordi Pons Novell
Affiliation:
Universitat de Barcelona
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

This article offers a survey of the theoretical and empirical literature on economic convergence. It also carries out a first attempt to characterize the evolution of relative per capita GDP levels across European countries before IWW (1870–1913). Cross section analysis confirms the inexistence of β-convergence but the acomplishment of β-convergence hipothesis in a model that allows the consideration of different steady-states across countries. Time series analysis confirms that, during the period 1870–1913, only countries with medium per capita GDP levels converged on those having the highest income levels in 1870.

Resumen

En este trabajo se ofrece un resumen de la literatura teórica y empírica sobre la convergencia económica y se presenta una primera caracterización del comportamiento del PIB per cápita relativo en Europa en el período previo a la I Guerra Mundial. Del estudio con datos de corte transversal se deduce el incumplimiento de la hipótesis de β-convergencia y se verifica la existencia de β-convergencia a estados estacionarios que son distintos para cada uno de los países. El análisis con datos de serie temporal refuerza el cuadro. Durante el período 1870–1913, sólo los países con niveles de renta per capita de partida medios lograron acercarse a los niveles de PIB per capita de los inicialmente más ricos.

Type
Artículos
Information
Revista de Historia Economica - Journal of Iberian and Latin American Economic History , Volume 19 , Issue 1 , March 2001 , pp. 123 - 152
Copyright
Copyright © Instituto Figuerola de Historia y Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid 2001

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

BIBLIOGRAFÍA

Abramovitz, M. (1986): «Catching up, forging ahead and falling behind», Journal of Economic History, núm. 46, pp. 385–406.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arellano, M., y Bover, O. (1990): «La econometría de datos de panel», Investigaciones Económicas, núm. 14, pp. 3–45.Google Scholar
Arrow, K. H. (1962): «The economic implications of Learning by Doing», Review of Economic Studies, núm. 29, pp. 155–173.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Azariadis, C., y Drazen, A. (1990): «Threshold Externalities in Economic Development», Quarterly Journal of Economics, núm. 90, pp. 501–526.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Banerjee, A.; Lumsdaine, R. L., y Stock, J. H. (1992): «Recursive and sequential tests of the unit —root and trend-break hypotheses: Theory and international evidence», Journal of Business and Economic Statistics, núm. 10, pp. 271–287.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bardini, C.; Carreras, A., y Lains, P. (1995): «The national accounts for Italy, Spain and Portugal», Scandinavian Economic History Review, núm. 43, pp. 115–146.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barro, R. (1991): «Economic growth in a cross-section of countries», Quarterly Journal of Economics, núm. 106, pp. 407–443.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barro, R., y Salai-Martin, X. (1990): «Economic Growth and convergence across the United States», Working Paper NBER, núm. 3419, Cambridge, MA.Google Scholar
Baumol, W. J. (1986): «Productivity growth, convergence and welfare: what the long-run data show», American Economic Review, núm. 76, pp. 1072–1085.Google Scholar
Baumol, W. J., y Wolf, E. N. (1988): «Productivity Growth, Convergence, and Welfare: Reply», American Economic Review, núm. 78, pp. 1155–1159.Google Scholar
Ben-David, D., y Papell, D. H. (2000): «Some evidence on the continuity of the growth process among the G7 countries», Economic Inquiry, núm. 38, pp. 320–330.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bernard, A., y Durlauf, S. (1995): «Convergence in international output», Journal of Applied Econometrics, núm. 10, pp. 97–108.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bernard, A., y Durlauf, S. (1996): «Interpreting tests of convergence hypothesis», Journal of Econometrics, núm. 71, pp. 161–173.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Broadberry, S. N. (1996): «Convergence: what the historical record shows», en Van Ark, B. y Crafts, N. F. R., Quantitative aspects of Postwar European Economic Growth, Cambridge, CEPR-Cambridge University Press, pp. 327–346.Google Scholar
Campbell, J., y Perron, P. (1991): «Pitfalls and oportunities: What macroeconomists should know about unit roots», NBER Macroeconomics Annual, pp. 141–201.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carlino, G., y Mills, L. (1993): «Are US regional income converging?», Journal of Monetary Economics, núm. 32, pp. 335–346.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cuadrado Roura, J. R.; Mancha, T., y Garrido, R. (dirs.) (1998): Convergencia regional en España: Hechos, tendencias y perspectivas, Madrid, Fundación Argentaría y Visor.Google Scholar
Crafts, N. F. R. (1998): «Forging ahead and falling behind: the rise and relative decline of the first industrial nation», Journal of Economic Perspectives, núm. 12, pp. 193–211.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De La Fuente, A. (1997): «The empirics of growth and convergence: a selective review», journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, núm. 21, pp. 23–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De La Fuente, A. (1998): «Algunas técnicas para el análisis de la convergencia con una aplicación a las regiones españolas», Documentos de Trabajo, D–98007, Ministerio de Eco nomía y Hacienda, Madrid.Google Scholar
Durlauf, N. S. (1996): «A theory of persistent income inequality», Journal of Economic Growth, núm. 1, pp. 75–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Galor, O. (1996): «Convergence? Inferences from theoretical models», Economic Journal, núm. 106, pp. 1056–1069.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Galor, O., y Zeira, J. (1993): «Income distribution and macroeconomics», Review of Economic Studies, núm. 60, pp. 35–52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grossman, G., y Helpman, E. (1991): Innovation and growth in the global economy, Cambridge, MA, MIT Press.Google Scholar
Kwiatkowski, D.; Phillips, P. C. B.; Schmidt, P., y Shin, Y. (1992): «Testing the null of stationary against the alternative of a unit root», Journal of Econometrics, núm. 54, pp. 159–178.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lucas, R. (1988): «On the mechanics of economic development», Journal of Monetary Economics, núm. 22, pp. 3–42.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maddison, A. (1982): Phases of capitalist development, Oxford, Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Maddison, A. (1991): Dynamics forces in capitalist development: A long run comparative view, Oxford, Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Maddison, A. (1995): Monitoring the World Economy, Paris, OECD.Google Scholar
Mankiw, N.; Romer, D., y Weil, D. (1992): «A contribution to the empirics of economic growth», Quarterly Journal of Economics, núm. 107, pp. 407–437.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marcet, A. (1994): «Los pobres siguen siendo pobres: convergencia entre regiones y países, un análisis bayesiano con datos de panel», en Esteban, J. M. y Vives, X. (dirs.), Crecimiento y convergencia regional en España y Europa, vol. II, Instituto de Análisis Económico, Barcelona.Google Scholar
Murphy, K. M.; Schleifer, A., y Vishny, R. W. (1989): «Industrialization and tha Big Push», Quarterly Journal of Economics, núm. 106, pp. 503–530.Google Scholar
Ng, S., y Perron, P. (1995): «Unit root tests in ARMA models with data dependent methods for the selection of the truncation lag», Journal of the American Statistical Association, núm. 90, pp. 268–281.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O'Rourke, K, y Williamson, J. G. (1997): «Around the European periphery 1870–1913: Globalization, schooling and growth», European Review of Economic History, núm. 1, pp. 153–190.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oxley, L., y Greasley, D. (1995): «A time-series perspective on convergence: Australia, UK and USA since 1870», The Economic Record, núm. 71, pp. 259–270.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pallardó, V. J., y Esteve, V. (1997): «Convergencia real en la Unión Europea», Revista de Economía Aplicada, núm. 14, pp. 25–49.Google Scholar
Perron, P. (1989): «The great crash, the oil price shock, and the unit root in time series regression», Econometrica, núm. 57, pp. 1361–1401.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Perron, P. (1994): «Further evidence on breaking trend functions in macroeconomic varia bles», Working Paper, núm. 2594, CRDE, Université de Montreal.Google Scholar
Prados De La Escosura, L. (1995): Spain's Gross Domestic Product, 1850–1990: Quantitative Conjectures, Madrid, Universidad Carlos HE, Documentos de Trabajo.Google Scholar
Prados De La Escosura, L.; Dabán, T., y Sanz, J. C. (1993): «De te fábula narratur? Growth, Structural Change and Convergence in Europe, 19th-20th Centuries», Working Paper D-93009, Dirección General de Planificación, Ministerio de Economía y Hacienda, Madrid.Google Scholar
Prados De La Escosura, L., y Sanz, I. (1998): «Historical comparisons of Income: A Short-cut approach», en Van Ark, B., Buyst, E. y Van Zanden, J. L. (org.), Historical benchmark comparisons of output and productivity, BIO Proceedings Twelfth International Economic History Congress, Madrid.Google Scholar
Quah, D. (1993a): «Empirical cross-section dynamics in economic growth», European Economic Review, núm. 37, pp. 426–434.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Quah, D. (1993b): «Galton's Fallacy and test of the convergence hypothesis», Scandinavian journal of Economics, núm. 95, pp. 427–443.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Quah, D. (1996a): «Regional convergence clusters across Europe», European Economic Review, núm. 40, pp. 951–958.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Quah, D. (1996b): «Twin peaks: Growth and convergence in models of distribution dynamics», Economic Journal, 106, pp. 1045–1055.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Quah, D. (1997): «Empirics for growth and distribution: Stratification, polarization, and convergence clubs», Discussion Paper, núm. 324, LSE Economics Department.Google Scholar
Rappoport, P., y Reichlin, L. (1989): «Segmented trends and non-stationary time series», Economic Journal, núm. 99, pp. 168–177.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Romer, P. M. (1986): «Increasing Returns and long-run growth», Journal of Political Economics, 94, 5, pp. 1002–1037.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sala-I-Martin, X. (1996): «The classical approach to convergence analysis», Economic Journal, núm. 106, pp. 1019–1036.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shell, K. (ed.) (1967): Essays on the Theory of Optimal Economic Growth, Cambridge, MIT Press.Google Scholar
Solow, R. (1956): «A contribution to the theory of Economic Growth», Quarterly Journal of Economics, núm. 70, pp. 65–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, A. M. (1999): «Sources of convergence in the late nineteenth century», European Economic Review, núm. 43, pp. 1621–1645.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tortella, G. (1994): «Patterns of economic retardation and recovery in South-Western Europe in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries», Economic History Review, núm. 47, pp. 1–21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williamson, J. G. (1995): «The Evolution of Global Labor Markets Since 1830: Background Evidence and Hypotheses», Explorations in Economic History, núm. 32, pp. 141–196.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williamson, J. G. (1996): «Globalization, convergence and history», Journal of Economic History, núm. 56, pp. 277–306.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zivot, E., y Andrews, D. W. K. (1992): «Further evidence on the great crash, the oil price and the unit root hypothesis», journal of Business and Economic Statistics, núm. 10, pp. 251–270.CrossRefGoogle Scholar