Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-4rdpn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-11T01:07:49.076Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Evidence for only depolarizing rod bipolar cells in the primate retina

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 June 2009

Robert P. Dolan  and
Peter H. Schiller
Robert P. Dolan
Affiliation:
Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge
Peter H. Schiller
Affiliation:
Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The mammalian rod bipolar, for which only one class has been identified, has been described as being hyperpolarizing by some investigators and depolarizing by others. We now report the effects of 2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate (APB), a potent blocker of depolarizing bipolar cells, on visual behavior in the dark-adapted monkey. While in mesopic and photopic conditions only the monkeys' ability to detect incremental stimuli is impaired, under scotopic conditions all light mediated response in the monkey is eliminated. Assuming APB is acting on rod bipolars in the same fashion as it does on cone bipolars, we conclude that the primate rod bipolars all depolarize to light and that the ON and OFF channels are formed by the amacrine cell network.

Keywords

Dark adaptationBipolar cellsAPB
Type
Research Article
Information
Visual Neuroscience , Volume 2 , Issue 5 , May 1989 , pp. 421 - 424
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1989

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Arkin, M.S. & Miller, R.F. (1987). Subtle actions of 2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate (APB) on the Off pathway in the mudpuppy retina. Brain Research 426, 142–148.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Boycott, B.B. & Kolb, H. (1973). The connections between bipolar cells and photoreceptors in the retina of the domestic cat. Journal of Comparative Neurology 148, 91–114.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dacheux, R.F. & Raviola, E. (1986). The rod pathway in the rabbit retina: a depolarizing bipolar and amacrine cell. Journal of Neuroscience 6, 331–345.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Evers, H.U. & Gouras, P. (1986). Three cone mechanisms in the primate electroretinogram: two with, one without Off-center bipolar responses. Vision Research 26, 245–254.Google Scholar
Famiglietti, E.V. (1981). Functional architecture of cone bipolar cells in mammalian retina. Vision Research 21, 1559–1563.Google Scholar
Famiglietti, E.V. & Kolb, H. (1975). A bistratified amacrine cell and synaptic circuitry in the inner plexiform layer of the retina. Brain Research 84, 293–300.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Famiglietti, E.V. & Kolb, H. (1976). Structural basis for On- and Off-center responses in retinal ganglion cells. Science 194, 193–195.Google Scholar
Kolb, H. (1979). The inner plexiform layer in the retina of the cat: electron-microscopic observations. Journal of Neurocytology 8, 295–329.Google Scholar
Kolb, H. & Famiglietti, E.V. (1974). Rod and cone pathways in the inner plexiform layer of cat retina. Science 186, 47–49.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kolb, H. & Nelson, R. (1983). Rod pathways in the retina of the cat. Vision Research 23, 301–312.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kuffler, S.W. (1953). Discharge patterns and functional organization of mammalian retina. Journal of Neurophysiology 16, 37–68.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Müller, F., Wässle, H. & Voigt, T. (1988). Pharmacological modulation of the rod pathway in the cat retina. Journal of Neurophysiology 59, 1657–1672.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nelson, R. (1982). All amacrine cells quicken time course of rod signals in the cat retina. Journal of Neurophysiology 47, 928–947.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nelson, R., Famiglietti, E.V. & Gouras, P. (1978). Intracellular staining reveals different levels of stratification for On- and Off-center ganglion cells in the cat retina. Journal of Neurophysiology 41, 472–483.Google Scholar
Nelson, R., Kolb, H., Famiglietti, E.V. & Gouras, P. (1976). Neural responses in the rod and cone systems of the cat retina: intracellular records and Procion stains. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science 15, 946–953.Google Scholar
Pourcho, R.G. (1980). Uptake of [3H]glycine and [3H]GABA by amacrine cells in the cat retina. Brain Research 198, 333–346.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pourcho, R.G. & Goebel, D.J. (1985). A combined Golgi and autoradiographic study of [3H]glycine-accumulating amacrine cells in the cat retina. Journal of Comparative Neurology 233, 473–480.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pourcho, R.G. & Goebel, D.J. (1987). Visualization of endogenous glycine in the cat retina: an immunocytochemical study with Fab fragments. Journal of Neuroscience 7, 1189–1197.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schiller, P.H. (1982). Central connections of the retinal On and Off pathways. Nature 297, 580–583.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schiller, P.H. (1986). The central visual system. Vision Research 26, 1351–1386.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schiller, P.H., Sandell, J.H. & Maunsell, J.H.R. (1986). Functions of the On and Off channels of the visual system. Nature 322, 824–825.Google Scholar
Shiells, R.A., Falk, G. & Naghshineh, S. (1981). Action of glutamate and aspartate analogues on rod horizontal and bipolar cells. Nature 294, 592–594.Google Scholar
Slaughter, M.M. & Miller, R.F. (1981). 2-amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid: a new pharmacological tool for retina research. Science 211, 182–185.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Slaughter, M.M. & Miller, R.F. (1985). Characterization of an extended glutamate receptor on the on bipolar neuron in the vertebrate retina. Journal of Neuroscience 5, 224–233.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed