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The role of combined modifiable lifestyle behaviors between stressful life events and allostatic load in Australian adults

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 March 2023

R.V.K. Siew ,
S.J. Bowe ,
A.I. Turner ,
Z. Sarnyai ,
C.J. Nilsson ,
J.E. Shaw ,
D.J. Magliano  and
S.J Torres
R.V.K. Siew
Affiliation:
Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
S.J. Bowe
Affiliation:
Deakin Biostatistics Unit, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
A.I. Turner
Affiliation:
Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
Z. Sarnyai
Affiliation:
College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, Australia
C.J. Nilsson
Affiliation:
Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
J.E. Shaw
Affiliation:
Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
D.J. Magliano
Affiliation:
Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
S.J Torres
Affiliation:
Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
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Abstract

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Proceedings of the Nutrition Society , Volume 82 , Issue OCE2: 46th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Nutrition Society of Australia, 29 November – 2 December 2022, Sustainable nutrition for a healthy life , 2023 , E138
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Copyright © The Authors 2023

Behavioral stress response is a proposed pathway that links exposure to stressors to elevated allostatic load, yet there is little empirical evidence.(Reference McEwen and Stellar1,Reference Siew, Nabe-Nielsen and Turner2) The present study aimed to test the mediating role of combined modifiable lifestyle behaviors in the mechanistic pathway between stressful life events and allostatic load among Australian adults. Three waves of data from The Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study (n = 3301) were used. A latent profile analysis was performed to identify latent subgroups with distinct behavioral clusters based on five modifiable lifestyle behaviors (smoking, sedentary behaviour, physical activity, alcohol consumption, and diet quality). Subsequently, a path analysis was applied using a sequential mediational model to test the mediating effect of behavioral clusters in the associations between stressful life events and allostatic load. The indirect effects via behavioral clusters were estimated using the product of coefficient approach. Three behavioral clusters: “least healthy lifestyle” (12.0%), “moderately healthy lifestyle” (78.7%), and “most healthy lifestyle” (9.3%) emerged from our analytic sample. Compared to the “moderately healthy lifestyle” group, the “most healthy lifestyle” participants had significantly lower allostatic load (b = 0.687; 95% CI [−0.989, −0.386], p < 0.01). Path analyses revealed non-significant indirect associations via the “least healthy lifestyle” (b = 0.003; 95% CI [−0.003, 0.013]) compared to the “moderately healthy lifestyle” group. This study confirms previous findings on the salutary effect of healthy lifestyle behaviors on allostatic load. In contrast with the allostatic load model, the unhealthy behavioural cluster examined in this study did not explain the association between stressful life events and allostatic load.

References

McEwen, B & Stellar, E (1993) Arch Intern Med 153, 2093–2101.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Siew, RVK, Nabe-Nielsen, K, Turner, AI, et al. (2022) Psychoneuroendocrinol 138, 105668.CrossRefGoogle Scholar