Introduction. The mango mealybug Rastrococcus invadens is a pest of
horticultural crops, especially mango. Though this fact has been demonstrated and
its parasitoid, Gyranusoidea tebygi, released for its control in many countries,
quantitative information on the damage inflicted by the mealybug and post-release
mango fruit production are still scanty. This study was therefore undertaken to
investigate the damage caused by mango mealybug and its associated sooty mould on
mango plants and to assess mango fruit production after the release of G. tebygi
in 1989. Materials and methods. Laboratory experiments were set up to determine
the effect of different populations of mango mealybug (0, 5, 10, 20, and 40 adults/cage)
on the chemical constituents of mango leaves. The mould associated with the mango
mealybug was identified and its effect on leaf temperature was studied. A mango
orchard was studied for fruit production from the time of fruitlessness in 1990
to 1998 when fruit yield peaked. The resultant effect of the parasitism of mango
mealybug by G. tebygi was monitored on the chemical composition of mango leaves
during this period. Results. Protein, fat, carbohydrate, ash, crude fibre and
moisture contents were depleted with increase in mealybug population. The isolated
mould fungus Capnodium mangiferae was found to raise leaf temperature of infected
mango seedlings. The population density of G. tebygi was found to be negatively
but significantly correlated with mango mealybug population and positively correlated
with mango fruit yield. Parasitism was highly correlated with mealybug population
and yield, and was considered a major factor in the control of the pest and the
subsequent increase in mango fruit yield. Rainfall did not have a significant impact
on yield, mealybug population or sooty mould score. Discussion. The injury inflicted
by R. invadens and its associated mould, and the enhancement of mango fruit production
by the activities of G. tebygi on the mealybug were discussed.