We study a delayed fuzzy $H_{\infty }$ control problem for an offshore platform under external wave forces. First, by considering perturbations of the masses of the platform and an active mass damper, a Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy model is established. Then, by introducing time delays into the control channel, a delayed fuzzy state feedback $H_{\infty }$ controller is designed. Simulation results show that the delayed fuzzy state feedback $H_{\infty }$ controller can reduce vibration amplitudes of the offshore platform and can save control cost significantly.

Active control of a turbulent boundary layer has been experimentally investigated with a view to reducing the skin-friction drag and gaining some insight into the mechanism that leads to drag reduction. A spanwise-aligned array of piezo-ceramic actuators was employed to generate a transverse travelling wave along the wall surface, with a specified phase shift between adjacent actuators. Local skin-friction drag exhibits a strong dependence on control parameters, including the wavelength, amplitude and frequency of the oscillation. A maximum drag reduction of 50 % has been achieved at 17 wall units downstream of the actuators. The near-wall flow structure under control, measured using smoke–wire flow visualization, hot-wire and particle image velocimetry techniques, is compared with that without control. The data have been carefully analysed using techniques such as streak detection, power spectra and conditional averaging based on the variable-interval time-average detection. All the results point to a pronounced change in the organization of the perturbed boundary layer. It is proposed that the actuation-induced wave generates a layer of highly regularized streamwise vortices, which acts as a barrier between the large-scale coherent structures and the wall, thus interfering with the turbulence production cycle and contributing partially to the drag reduction. Associated with the generation of regularized vortices is a significant increase, in the near-wall region, of the mean energy dissipation rate, as inferred from a substantial decrease in the Taylor microscale. This increase also contributes to the drag reduction. The scaling of the drag reduction is also examined empirically, providing valuable insight into the active control of drag reduction.

Le contrôle des écoulements est à la base des travaux de développement en aérodynamique automobile. L'objectif à moyen terme est d'obtenir des systèmes de contrôle réactif où l'actionneur agit en fonction de l'état de l'écoulement. Ce type de contrôle implique la mise en place d'un actionneur, d'un capteur et d'une loi de commande les reliant l'un à l'autre. Cet article constitue un état de l'art sur les stratégies de commande envisageables. Il propose un classement théorique des différents schémas utilisés dans la littérature. Les commandes en boucles fermées sont plus particulièrement développées. Elles peuvent se décliner autour de 2 types de schémas : les boucles fermées simples où des mesures de l'écoulement prises en aval de l'actionneur sont utilisées dans la loi de commande ou des boucles fermées de type prédicteur/correcteur comme les schémas adaptatifs ou les schémas issus de la théorie du contrôle optimal. Pour chaque schéma de contrôle, les concepts mathématiques et algorithmiques sont évoqués et des résultats bibliographiques sont présentés. La pertinence de ces schémas pour le secteur automobile est ensuite discutée.

This work is devoted to the numerical comparison of four active control techniques in order to increase the pressure recovery generated by thedeceleration of a slightly compressible viscous flow over a dihedral plane. It is performed by theuse of vortex generator jets and intrusive sensors. The governing equations,the two-dimensional direct numerical simulation code and the flow configuration are first briefly recalled. Then, the objective of thecontrol is carefully displayed, and the uncontrolled flow described. The main part of this work deals with the explanation, the implementation andthe comparison of four active control strategies: closed loop control,adaptative control, physical ramp control and sub-optimalcontrol. Each of these techniques is of different nature,and results are very formative to understand what is important– or less – to make the control efficient.

Active control of noise radiation from vibrating plate excited by a harmonic line moment is analytically investigated. This study model of simple supported rectangular plate with a line moment excitation is used to simulate the vibration of ship hull or fuselage from the flutter of ship deck or aircraft wing respectively. The control is achieved by various configurations of piezoelectric actuators. The strategy of radiated power minimization is used to obtain the optimal control input unit voltage. The numerical results show that the significant attenuation of noise radiated power for volumetric modes in the low frequency range can be achieved with one control actuator located at the center of plate, irrespective of whether the excitation is on or off resonance. The efficiency of the active control is dependent on the location of the line moment and the actuators. It is also shown that the modal suppression and modal restructuring are two physical mechanisms of radiated power attenuation.