Academics across Canada, an officially bilingual and multicultural country, devote a lot of attention to diversity and representation. This is particularly true for political scientists. In this research note, we focus on the linguistic composition of panels and overall linguistic fragmentation of the most important in-person event for Canadian political science: the annual meeting of the Canadian Political Science Association (CPSA). To do so, we generated a dataset based on the official program of the 2023 annual conference. Our main results are twofold. First, we find an important under-representation of French-speaking events and academic communications (i.e., panels and papers). Second, we computed Herfindahl-Hirschman indexes demonstrating that francophone-dominated panels and co-authored papers with francophone first authors are significantly more linguistically diverse than anglophone panels and papers. Our results highlight important blind spots in Canadian political science and help make sense of the lack of representation of French-language work in Canadian academia.

Cet article propose une réflexion sur les initiatives politiques déployées ces dernières années un peu partout en Occident afin de rendre les forces armées plus « représentatives ». S'il est difficile de contester la légitimité démocratique de ces initiatives, celles-ci risquent néanmoins de porter atteinte à l'autonomie professionnelle des officiers au sein des forces armées, conformément à ce que nous appelons le « compromis huntingtonien », soit le modèle de relations civilo-militaires qui domine encore aujourd'hui en Occident. En effet, en intervenant directement dans les « affaires internes » des forces armées, le pouvoir civil se trouve ainsi à empiéter sur les pouvoirs et le champ des responsabilités professionnelles exercées par les officiers sur les forces armées. Pour pallier ce risque, nous proposons un élargissement du « rôle politique » de l'officier, à l'intérieur même du cadre fixé par le compromis huntingonien. Cela devrait se traduire par deux axes complémentaires d'action pour l'officier aujourd'hui négligés : d'une part, défendre la place singulière des forces armées dans la société et, d'autre part, agir en tant qu'agent de changement culturel au sein des forces armées.

Chaque année, les Instituts de recherche en santé du Canada (IRSC) subventionnent le Programme d’été sur le vieillissement (PEV). Cette année, la semaine de formation qui rassemblait des étudiants canadiens de tous les cycles supérieurs avait pour thème la recherche multidisciplinaire au quatrième âge. Cette note de recherche présente trois éléments de réflexion de deux participants de l’édition 2023 du PEV : 1) les enjeux liés au vieillissement sont des occasions de transformer les paradigmes de la recherche; 2) la recherche collaborative doit être sociétale, et s’étendre au-delà du cercle restreint des milieux universitaires; 3) les critères d’équité, de diversité et d’inclusion intégrés aux projets de recherche doivent se refléter au sein des organisations qui mènent la recherche.

Cet article porte sur le débat idéologique que suscite l'interculturalisme dans le champ intellectuel québécois depuis les années 2000. S'il a longtemps servi de point de convergence entre intellectuel.le.s néonationalistes, cherchant à allier pluralisme et nationalisme, l'interculturalisme n'a toutefois pas empêché la recrudescence des appels en faveur du resserrement du contrôle sur les personnes migrantes et les pratiques culturelles minoritaires. Notre thèse est que cette tendance confirme l’éclipse de la tentative de concilier nationalisme et pluralisme au sein de l'interculturalisme québécois. Pour soutenir cette thèse, notre article documente la faiblesse de l'interculturalisme québécois devant les blocs idéologiques formés par le multiculturalisme fédéral, le nationalisme conservateur et la montée des critiques antiracistes et décoloniales au Québec. Face à ces positions rivales, les contradictions de l'interculturalisme quant au privilège de la majorité sur les minorités ont été mises au jour au fil de controverses que l'article examine sur une période de vingt ans.

Canadian political science has changed over the past 50 years; however, these changes have come slowly and lag behind larger societal demographic transformations. While early attention to diversity concentrated on the place of women within the discipline, more recent attention focuses on the presence of Black, Indigenous and other political scientists of colour. Accompanying a diversification of personnel has been a broadening of the substantive focus of our research, as well as an expansion in the epistemological and methodological approaches applied to the study of politics. Yet despite these adaptations, the study of political science in Canada remains siloed and often exclusionary, challenging our ability to train the next generation of scholars to be capable of addressing the issues facing a world that is increasingly complex and diverse.

This article reflects on the question of how culture and religion enter legal cases and public debates about the place of majoritarian religious symbols in diverse societies that have some democratic will to inclusion. In the context of the new diversity, the article considers how the articulation of “our culture and heritage” as a strategy for preserving “formerly” religious symbols and practices in public spaces excludes particular groups from the narrative of who “we” are as a nation. The reader is invited to consider how challenges to such symbols and practices might be articulated as a challenge to privilege and power and that a refusal to acknowledge those power relations puts the reputation of democracy and human rights at risk.

Cet article propose de montrer la transformation de l'idée d'interculturalisme au Québec de sa genèse dans les groupes communautaires montréalais des années 1960 jusqu’à son intégration dans la politique des partis au début du XXIe siècle à l'Assemblée nationale du Québec. Cette sociologie historique insiste sur la course à relais entre divers acteurs qui sont entrés en concurrence afin d'en définir le sens et les principes. L'histoire de l'idée d'interculturalisme montre en relief quatre périodes distinctes : la genèse du vocabulaire de « l'interculturel » (1963–1977), sa diffusion hors des groupes communautaires (1978–1988), la transition sémantique vers « l'interculturalisme » (1988–2006) et la polarisation politique à son sujet alors que se lèvent au Québec les controverses identitaires (2007–2018).

This article quantifies the rate at which women archaeologists are present and retained in university departments. Drawing on publicly available data, we examine gender representation in (1) doctorates earned between 2002–2003 and 2016–2017; (2) Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC) grant applications and awards at the doctoral to senior levels between 2003 and 2017; (3) tenure-stream faculty at Canadian universities in 2019; and (4) placement of Canadian PhDs in the United States. These data demonstrate that women today represent two-thirds of all Canadian doctorates in archaeology, but only one-third of Canadian tenure-stream faculty, although not all archaeologists choose an academic career. In the last 15 years, women with Canadian PhDs have been hired into tenure-track positions in Canada at rates statistically lower than men, but at higher rates in the United States. Women apply for SSHRC archaeology grants in equal proportion to their presence, but men are awarded at a slightly higher rate. We end by discussing the possible reasons for this gendered attrition, including a “chilly climate”—that is, subtle practices that stereotype, exclude, and devalue women, as well as inhospitable working environments, particularly for primary caregivers. We warn that the current COVID-19 pandemic is likely to exacerbate these existing inequalities.

Trinity Western University’s Community Covenant has been the subject of public and legal attention with specific reference to a proposed law school. At the heart of much of the contention about the law school, opponents have expressed concern about the provisions in the Covenant that restrict the rights of LGBTQI+ students—their identities and relationships. While much of the focus has been on the potential harm for LGBTQI+ students, and the expectation that law schools uphold Charter values—the voices of queer students and allies have largely been sidelined. This article offers space for LGBTQI+ students, staff and allies to discuss their lived experiences of sexual diversity and the harm facing the queer community at Trinity Western University. As they state, the Covenant is only a part of the issue; the culture it supports is what needs to change.

Inclusive approaches to archaeology (including queer, feminist, black, indigenous, etc. perspectives) have increasingly intersected with coding, maker, and hacker cultures to develop a uniquely ‘Do-It-Yourself’ style of disruption and activism. Digital technology provides opportunities to challenge conventional representations of people past and present in creative ways, but at what cost? As a critical appraisal of transhumanism and the era of digital scholarship, this article outlines compelling applications in inclusive digital practice but also the pervasive structures of privilege, inequity, inaccessibility, and abuse that are facilitated by open, web-based heritage projects. In particular, it evaluates possible means of creating a balance between individual-focused translational storytelling and public profiles, and the personal and professional risks that accompany these approaches, with efforts to foster, support, and protect traditionally marginalized archaeologists and communities.

It is critical to ensure that long-term care (LTC) homes are sensitive to the needs of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) older adults. However, the extent to which the LTC home sector has adopted recommended strategies is unknown. This qualitative study reports findings from two initiatives: Semi-structured telephone interviews with Canadian LTC home administrators on strategies adopted to support LGBT inclusivity (n = 32), and discussions with participants attending a 2-day meeting on supporting LGBT inclusivity in LTC (n = 25). We found that LGBT inclusivity training was the most commonly adopted strategy among the LTC homes surveyed. Study findings further suggested that practices more visible to residents and families, such as LGBT-themed programming, inclusive language and symbols, or joint initiatives with LGBT communities, were less commonly adopted because of anticipated negative resident/family reactions. The importance and benefits of comprehensive strategies that include staff, residents, and family are discussed.

When lawyers elect the leaders of their self-regulatory organizations, what sort of people do they vote for? How do the selection processes for elite lawyer sub-groups affect the diversity and efficacy of those groups? This article quantitatively assesses the demographic and professional diversity of leadership in the Law Society of Upper Canada. After many years of underrepresentation, in 2015 visible minority members and women were elected in numbers proportionate to their shares of Ontario lawyers. Regression analysis suggests that being non-white was not a disadvantage in the 2015 election, and being female actually conferred an advantage in attracting lawyers’ votes. The diverse employment contexts of the province’s lawyers were also represented in the elected group. However, early-career lawyers were completely unrepresented. This is largely a consequence of electoral system design choices, and can be remedied through the implementation of career-stage constituencies. The Law Society’s “benchers” are more demographically diverse than other elite lawyer sub-groups, such as judges, and the open and transparent selection process may be part of the reason.

This paper is concerned with the impact of ancient DNA data on our models of the Mesolithic–Neolithic transition in central Europe. Beginning with a brief overview of how genetic data have been received by archaeologists working in this area, it outlines the potential and remaining problems of this kind of evidence. As a migration around the beginning of the Neolithic now seems certain, new research foci are then suggested. One is renewed attention to the motivations and modalities of the migration process. The second is a fundamental change in attitude towards the capabilities of immigrant Neolithic populations to behave in novel and creative ways, abilities which in our transition models were long exclusively associated with hunter-gatherers.

The objective of the study was to determine the phenotypic variation among four Bhutan indigenous chickens (BIC) namely Seim (SM), Phulom (PL), Yuebjha Narp (YN) and Khuilay (KL). A total of 120 chickens (KL, 30; YN, 30; PL, 30; SM, 30) were included for the present study. Based on descriptive statistic analysis, the results illustrate that there are three types of comb and single type predominant. The Bhutanese chickens do not have feather on the shank and the head type is plain. The common colours of earlobe in four indigenous birds are white and red. White skin and shank colour rank high among BIC groups; however, in SM the yellowish skin colour is observed high. The predominant feather colour of four indigenous chickens is pure black in YN (48.28 percent), white in KL (30.00 percent), reddish brown in SM (33.33 percent) and PL (23.33 percent). In addition, breast, back and neck feather followed the similar pattern of colour. Among BIC populations, KL and YN strains present the greatest and lowest plumage colour diversity, respectively. For example, eight different colours of breast feather are surveyed in KL and PL birds. Therefore, considering the variation in feather colourings, KL and PL seems to have more diversity in morphology but, it requires further studies. On the other hand, YN appears to have less diversity requiring for appropriate development of conservation strategies in Bhutan. Moreover, the large variations present the possibility of making improvement among BIC.

The survey, which had for its main objective, the morphobiometrical characterization of the local chicken was carried out from December 2010 to March 2011 in 20 villages in Lobaye Division in the Central African Republic. It was carried out on 474 adult females and 183 adult males. The main results show that the morphological features are very heterogeneous. Indeed, five main types of feathering were observed: normal feathering (75.8%), crested type (10.4%), naked neck (7.0%), feathered tarsus (5.9%) and frizzle type (2.3%). The colouration of feathers is heterogeneous, with a predominance of the white (18.0%), wild (13.4%) and mahogany (11.1%) colours. The single comb is more frequent (95.8%), and is generally red (33.8%) or pink in colour (55.1%). Earlobes are red (24.7%), white (24.0%), white centred (18.1%), yellow (16.1%) or pink (14.6%). The wattles are mainly red (55.4%) or pink (35.2%). The tarsi are mainly yellow (40.6%) or white (37.9%). With regard to the biometric characteristics, the average weight of the local chicken of Lobaye is 1176 ± 206 g for females and 1514 ± 296 g for males. The live weight and most body measurements vary according to the sex and the feathering type. The live weight and the body measurements are significantly (P < 0.01) higher in the males. In the same way, the animals with feathered tarsi are heavier and bigger than the other phenotypes.

“Diversity” is the focus of a wide-ranging corpus of normative discourses, institutional structures, policies and practices in business, public sector agencies, the military, universities and professions. Here, a brief account of the rise and diffusion of the term is provided. It now addresses a wide variety of social differences, while at least six distinct facets or goals of diversity policy can be discerned. Ambiguity, multivocality and banality are key characteristics of diversity discourse, but these function to strengthen, rather than weaken, the spread and acceptance of the notion. In many settings the commitment to diversity is mainstreamed, expected, and even taken-for-granted. Diversity discourse is related to ongoing processes of social diversification, but its diffusion is not driven by these processes. Overall, despite its many imprecisions, the impacts of the diversity corpus entail a transformation, or at least refinement, of the social imaginary.

How to define and protect the dignity of women in armed conflict? This study attempts to understand the issues and dilemmas of the right to dignity and of questions of diversity in international humanitarian law through the example of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. The author proposes an alternative approach to the right to dignity, which in international humanitarian law is primarily associated with women's sexuality. This alternative approach would engage more directly with the debates around social diversity that are occluded in times of war.

The psychology of aging includes a variety of theoretical perspectives, methodological conventions, and techniques and targets of application. Psychological aging-related processes include phenomena from such disparate domains as neurological, sensory, physiological, physical health, mental health, cognition, personality and affect, social, family, interactional, and coping and adjustment. Canadian researchers actively contribute to these and other research topics and professional issues. We summarize a broad and inclusive model of the psychology of aging and highlight some of the ways in which Canadian research and training reflects and advances numerous pertinent scholarly agendas.

In this article, we examine how seniors are portrayed in the Globe and Mail. Thirty articles published in 2004 were selected and thematically analysed. Seniors were discussed in six different contexts, including family, work/retirement, community networks, scientific studies of population, social and health care policy, and social attitudes to aging. Issues pertaining to seniors were captured in three themes. The theme diversity of seniors made visible seniors of different genders, ages, health statuses, abilities, and needs. The successful aging theme provided positive examples of aging well but marginalized seniors who did not meet these expectations, thereby fostering intra-generational ageism. The apocalyptic demography/inter-generational conflict theme underscored the importance of society's support system for the elderly but raised the issue of inter-generational inequality, of presenting the elderly as a burden on younger persons in families and on society at large. Critical analyses suggested that both negative and positive newspaper portrayals of seniors might be ageist.

—The community structure and diel activity patterns of peridomestic Stomoxyinae at two locations in Nairobi and its outskirts (Chiromo and Ruiru) were studied using Nzi traps baited with octenol. Six species of Stomoxys (S. calcitrans, S. niger niger, S. n. bilineatus, S. inomatus, S. taeniatus, S. varipes) and three other Stomoxyinae genera (Haematobosca, Stygeromyia, Parastomoxys) were caught. At Chiromo, species diversity (H') varied from 0.29 to 0.65 and evenness from 0.59 to 0.83, whereas at Ruiru, diversity varied from 0.0 to 0.38 and evenness from 0.0 to 0.46. Diurnal activity both S. calcitrans and S. n. niger was bimodal, with a small peak of activity in the morning (0800–1100 hrs) and a major peak in the evening (1700–1800 hrs). Both species showed a midday depression in activity. The activity of S. inomatus rose steadily throughout the day with only a slight midday depression. These results are discussed with respect to results of similar studies in a natural, undisturbed habitat.